A Rademacher-type theorem on L^2-Wasserstein spaces over closed Riemannian manifolds

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Publication:2286468



Abstract: Let mathbbP be any Borel probability measure on the L2-Wasserstein space (mathscrP2(M),W2) over a closed Riemannian manifold M. We consider the Dirichlet form mathcalE induced by mathbbP and by the Wasserstein gradient on mathscrP2(M). Under natural assumptions on mathbbP, we show that W2-Lipschitz functions on mathscrP2(M) are contained in the Dirichlet space mathrmdom(mathcalE) and that W2 is dominated by the intrinsic metric induced by mathcalE. We illustrate our results by giving several detailed examples.


Let $(M,g)$ be a Riemannian manifold, $\mathcal{P}$ be the space of all Borel probability measures on $M$, and $d$ be the intrinsic metric. For a fixed $x_0\in M$, set \[ \mathcal{P}_2:=\left\{\mu\in\mathcal{P}: \int_M d^2(x,x_0)d\mu(x)<\infty\right\} \] and \[ W_2(\mu_1,\mu_2):=\left(\inf_{\pi\in \mathrm{Cpl}(\mu_1,\mu_2)}\int_{M\times M}d^2(x,y)d\pi(x,y)\right)^{1/2}, \] where $\mathrm{Cpl}(\mu_1,\mu_2)$ is the set of couplings between $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$. The metric space $(\mathcal{P}_2, W_2)$ is called $L^2$-Wasserstein space over $(M,d)$. Let $\mathbb{P}$ be any Borel probability measure on $(\mathcal{P}_2, W_2)$ over a closed Riemannian manifold $M$. In this interesting paper, the author considers the Dirichlet form $\mathcal{E}$ induced by $\mathbb{P}$ and by the Wasserstein gradient on $\mathcal{P}_2(M)$. Under some mild assumptions, it is proved that $W_2$-Lipschitz functions on $\mathcal{P}_2(M)$ are contained in the Dirichlet space $\mathcal{D}(\mathcal{E})$ and that $W_2$ is dominated by the intrinsic metric induced by $\mathcal{E}$. A lot of examples are given to illustrate the main results.



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