Are algebraic links in the Poincaré sphere determined by their Alexander polynomials?

DOI10.1007/S00209-019-02282-0MaRDI QIDQ2287998zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Antonio Campillo, F. Delgado, Sabir M. Gusein-Zade

Publication date 16 January 2020

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.03419

Alexander polynomial algebraic links Poincaré series Poincaré sphere topological type

Singularities in algebraic geometry (14B05) Complex surface and hypersurface singularities (32S25) Knot polynomials (57K14)

Abstract: The Alexander polynomial in several variables is defined for links in three-dimensional homology spheres, in particular, in the Poincar'e sphere: the intersection of the surface

S = (z_{1}, z_{2}, z_{3}) i n {m a t h b b C}^{3} : z_{1}^{5} + z_{2}^{3} + z_{3}^{2} = 0

with the 5-dimensional sphere

{m a t h b b S}_{v a r e p s i l o n}^{5} = (z_{1}, z_{2}, z_{3}) i n {m a t h b b C}^{3} : v e r t z_{1} v e r t^{2} + v e r t z_{2} v e r t^{2} + v e r t z_{3} v e r t^{2} = v a r e p s i l o n^{2}

. An algebraic link in the Poincar'e sphere is the intersection of a germ

(C, 0) s u b s e t (S, 0)

of a complex analytic curve in

(S, 0)

with the sphere

{m a t h b b S}_{v a r e p s i l o n}^{3}

of radius

v a r e p s i l o n

small enough. Here we discuss to which extend the Alexander polynomial in several variables of an algebraic link in the Poincar'e sphere determines the topology of the link. We show that, if the strict transform of a curve on

(S, 0)

does not intersect the component of the exceptional divisor corresponding to the end of the longest tail in the corresponding

E_{8}

-diagram, then its Alexander polynomial determines the combinatorial type of the minimal resolution of the curve and therefore the topology of the corresponding link. Alexander polynomial of an algebraic link in the Poincar'e sphere coincides with the Poincar'e series of the filtration defined by the corresponding curve valuations. We show that, under conditions similar for those for curves, the Poincar'e series of a collection of divisorial valuations determines the combinatorial type of the minimal resolution of the collection.

Review text

An algebraic link in the \(3\)-sphere is the intersection of a plane curve \((C,0) \subset (\mathbb C^2,0)\) defined by a complex analytic function and the \(3\)-sphere with sufficiently small radius. For an algebraic link, \textit{M. Yamamoto} [Topology 23, 277--287 (1984; Zbl 0581.57002)] proved that the Alexander polynomial in several variables (corresponding to the components) determines the topological type of the link. The authors of the article under review discuss the same problem for the algebraic links in the Poincaré sphere, namely, the intersection of the \(E_8\)-singularity \(S=\{(z_1,z_2,z_3) \in \mathbb C^3 : z_1^5+z_2^3+z_3^2=0\}\) with the \(5\)-sphere \(\{(z_1,z_2,z_3) \in \mathbb C^3 : |z_1|^2+|z_2|^2+|z_3|^2=\epsilon^2\}\) with sufficiently small \(\epsilon>0\). Note that the germ of every complex curve on \(S\) is a hypersurface because the \(E_8\)-singularity is factorial, and that the topological type of an algebraic link is equivalent to the combinatorial type of the minimal embedded resolution of the curve singularity. The authors prove that if the strict transform of a complex curve in \((S,0)\) does not intersect the component of the exceptional prime divisor corresponding to the end of the longest tail of the \(E_8\)-diagram, then the Poincaré series of the filtration defined by the corresponding curve valuations determines the combinatorial type of the minimal embedded resolution of the curve. In fact, the authors have proved that the Alexander polynomial determines the Poincaré series [Comment. Math. Helv. 80, No. 1, 95--102 (2005; Zbl 1075.14024)]. They also prove that, under similar conditions, the Poincaré series of a collection of divisorial valuations (corresponding prime exceptional divisors) determines the combinatorial type of the minimal resolution of the collection.

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