Notes on pseudo-open mappings and sequentially quotient mappings

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2020.107090MaRDI QIDQ2295674zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 14 February 2020

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2020.107090

\(c s^\prime \)-network \textit{sp}-network pseudo-open mapping Pytkeev network quotient mapping sequentially quotient mapping strict Pytkeev network

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Special maps on topological spaces (open, closed, perfect, etc.) (54C10) Sequential spaces (54D55) Stratifiable spaces, cosmic spaces, etc. (54E20) Special maps on metric spaces (54E40)

Review text

The authors investigate interrelations between topological spaces and specific mappings of such spaces. To formulate one of the main results of the paper we recall some relevant definitions. Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be topological spaces and let \(f \colon X \to Y\) be a mapping such that \(f^{-1}(y)\) is a separable subspace of \(X\) for every \(y \in Y\). Then \(f\) is called an \(s\)-mapping. A family \(\mathcal{F}\) of subsets of \(X\) is discrete if for every \(x \in X\) there is a neighborhood \(V\) of \(x\) such that \(V\) meets at most one element of \(\mathcal{F}\). If \[ \mathcal{F} = \bigcup_{i=1}^{\infty} \mathcal{F}_i \] and every \(\mathcal{F}_i\) is discrete, then \(\mathcal{F}\) is called \(\sigma\)-discrete. A family \(\mathcal{P}\) of subsets of a topological space \(X\) is said to be a network for \(X\) if for every \(x \in X\) and every open neighborhood \(U\) of \(x\) there is \(P \in \mathcal{P}\) such that \(x \in P \subseteq U\). The following notion was introduced by \textit{T. Banakh} and \textit{S. Gabriyelyan} [Monatsh. Math. 180, No. 1, 39--64 (2016; Zbl 1359.54013)]. A network \(\mathcal{P}\) for a topological space \(X\) is called a strict Pytkeev network if, for every \(x \in X\), every neighborhood \(U\) of \(x\) and each \(A \subseteq X\) accumulating at \(x\), there is \(P \in \mathcal{P}\) such that \(P \cap A\) is infinite and \(x \in P \subset U\). Theorem. If a Hausdorff topological space \(X\) has a point-countable strict Pytkeev network, then there exists a metric space \(M\), a continuous \(s\)-mapping \(f \colon M \to X\) and a \(\sigma\)-discrete base \(\mathcal{B}\) for \(M\) such that \(f(\mathcal{B})\) is a strict Pytkeev network for \(X\). This theorem gives an answer to Question 4.16 formulated in [\textit{X. Liu} et al., Topology Appl. 258, 58--78 (2019; Zbl 1421.54002)]. Similar results were also obtained by the authors for other spaces, mappings and networks.

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