Birational geometry of moduli spaces of stable objects on Enriques surfaces
(Equivariant) Chow groups and rings; motives (14C15) Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles (14D20) Minimal model program (Mori theory, extremal rays) (14E30) Derived categories of sheaves, dg categories, and related constructions in algebraic geometry (14F08) (K3) surfaces and Enriques surfaces (14J28) Derived categories, triangulated categories (18G80)
The moduli space of stable sheaves on a smooth projective surface is an interesting geometric object and has been studied for a long time. By using the notion of Bridgeland stability condition on triangulate category and its wall-crossing behaviour [\textit{T. Bridgeland}, Ann. Math. (2) 166, No. 2, 317--345 (2007; Zbl 1137.18008)], there are lots of progress in this direction, including the birational geometry of the moduli space when the surface is \(K3\) [\textit{A. Bayer} and \textit{E. Macrì}, Invent. Math. 198, No. 3, 505--590 (2014; Zbl 1308.14011)] or \(\mathbb{P}^2\) [\textit{C. Li, X. Zhao}, Geom. Topol. 23, No. 1, 347--426 (2019; Zbl 1456.14016)]. The paper under review continues the idea for the \textit{generic} Enriques surface. Let \(Y\) be an Enriques surface and \(\pi: \widetilde{Y} \rightarrow Y\) be the universal covering map by the \(K3\) surface \(\widetilde{Y}\). Assume that \(Y\) is generic, that is \(\mathrm{Pic}(\widetilde{Y})=\pi^*\mathrm{Pic}(Y)\). Let \(v\) be a Mukai vector so that its pullback \(\pi^*(v)\) is primitive. The main Theorem, Theorem 4.5, established the birational equivalence of two moduli spaces \(M^Y_\sigma(v)\) and \(M^Y_\tau(v)\) for two generic stability conditions \(\sigma, \tau \in \mathrm{Stab}^{\dag}(Y) \) with respect to the Mukai vector \(v\). To prove Theorem 4.5, the author uses two main ideas. The first idea is to use the notion of constant cycle subvariety. A subvariety is called a constant cycle if all its points become rationally equivalent in the ambient variety. By using the result of [\textit{A. Marian, X. Zhao}, Épijournal de Géom. Algébr., EPIGA Journal Profile 4, Article No. 3, 5 p. (2020; Zbl 1442.14035)], the author shows that the image of the morphism \(\pi^*: M^Y_\sigma(v) \rightarrow M^{\widetilde{Y}}_{\widetilde{\sigma}}(\pi^*(v))\) is a constant cycle Lagrangian. Here \(\widetilde{\sigma}\) is the induced Bridgeland stability on \(\widetilde{Y}\) [\textit{E. Macrì} et al., J. Algebr. Geom. 18, No. 4, 605--649 (2009; Zbl 1175.14010)]. The second idea is to show the corresponding birational morphism \(f: M^{\widetilde{Y}}_{\widetilde{\sigma}_+}(\pi^*(v)) \dashrightarrow M^{\widetilde{Y}}_{\widetilde{\sigma}_-}(\pi^*(v))\) on the \(K3\) surface \(\widetilde{Y}\) is \(i^*\)-equivariant. Here \(i^*\in \mathrm{Aut}(\mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}(\widetilde{Y}))\) is the induced involution by the map \(\pi\). The assumption that \(Y\) is generic is used in the proof of \(i^*\)-equivariance. The moduli spaces \(M^Y_{\sigma_\pm}(v)\) can be identified as fixed set of the involution \(i^*\). Since \(f\) is \(i^*\)-equivariant, then its restriction to the constant cycle Lagrangian \(f|_{M^Y_{\sigma_+}(v)}: M^Y_{\sigma_+}(v) \dashrightarrow M^Y_{\sigma_-}(v)\) gives the birational morphism. As an application of the main Theorem, the author shows (in Theorem 4.7) that for an arbitrary Enriques surface \(Y\) and a primitive Mukai vector \(v\) of odd rank, then \(M^Y_\sigma(v)\) is birational to some Hilbert scheme of points \(\mathrm{Hilb}^n(Y)\). As another application, the author shows (in Lemma 4.11) that the existence of global Bayer-Macrì map \(\ell: \mathrm{Stab^{\dag}(Y)} \rightarrow \mathrm{NS}(M_\sigma(v))\) [\textit{A. Bayer} and \textit{E. Macrì}, Invent. Math. 198, No. 3, 505--590 (2014; Zbl 1308.14011); \textit{W. Liu}, Kyoto J. Math. 58, No. 3, 595--621 (2018; Zbl 1412.14009)]. Moreover, the author shows the nef and semiample divisors \(\ell_{\sigma_0,\pm}\in \mathrm{NS}(M_{\sigma_{\pm}}(v)\) are big. \textit{H. Nuer} and \textit{K. Yoshioka} [Adv. Math. 372, Article ID 107283, 118 p. (2020; Zbl 1454.14041)] obtained more general results of birational equivalence of \(M^Y_\sigma(v)\) and \(M^Y_\tau(v)\) by a different method without assumptions that \(Y\) is generic and \(v\) is primitive.
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