Superresolution 2D DOA estimation for a rectangular array via reweighted decoupled atomic norm minimization

DOI10.1155/2019/6797168MaRDI QIDQ2298700zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Mingming Liu, Chun-Xi Dong, Yangyang Dong, Guoqing Zhao

Publication date 20 February 2020

Published in Mathematical Problems in Engineering (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6797168

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Image processing (compression, reconstruction, etc.) in information and communication theory (94A08) Signal theory (characterization, reconstruction, filtering, etc.) (94A12)

Review text

Summary: This paper proposes a superresolution two-dimensional (2D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm for a rectangular array based on the optimization of the atomic \(\ell_0\) norm and a series of relaxation formulations. The atomic \(\ell_0\) norm of the array response describes the minimum number of sources, which is derived from the atomic norm minimization (ANM) problem. However, the resolution is restricted and high computational complexity is incurred by using ANM for 2D angle estimation. Although an improved algorithm named decoupled atomic norm minimization (DAM) has a reduced computational burden, the resolution is still relatively low in terms of angle estimation. To overcome these limitations, we propose the direct minimization of the atomic \(\ell_0\) norm, which is demonstrated to be equivalent to a decoupled rank optimization problem in the positive semidefinite (PSD) form. Our goal is to solve this rank minimization problem and recover two decoupled Toeplitz matrices in which the azimuth-elevation angles of interest are encoded. Since rank minimization is an NP-hard problem, a novel sparse surrogate function is further proposed to effectively approximate the two decoupled rank functions. Then, the new optimization problem obtained through the above relaxation can be implemented via the majorization-minimization (MM) method. The proposed algorithm offers greatly improved resolution while maintaining the same computational complexity as the DAM algorithm. Moreover, it is possible to use a single snapshot for angle estimation without prior information on the number of sources, and the algorithm is robust to noise due to its iterative nature. In addition, the proposed surrogate function can achieve local convergence faster than existing functions.

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Cited in

(2)

• Approximate support recovery of atomic line spectral estimation: a tale of resolution and precision
• Improved resolution estimate for the two-dimensional super-resolution and a new algorithm for direction of arrival estimation with uniform rectangular array

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Uses Software

• CVX

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