On the stability for Alexandrov's soap bubble theorem

DOI10.1007/S11854-019-0058-YMaRDI QIDQ2299473zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Rolando Magnanini, Giorgio Poggesi

Publication date 21 February 2020

Published in Journal d'Analyse Mathématique (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.07036

zbMATH Keywords

Heintze-Karcher inequalityoverdetermined boundary value problemstability of spherical symmetrytorsional rigidity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Higher-dimensional and -codimensional surfaces in Euclidean and related (n)-spaces (53A07) Minimal surfaces in differential geometry, surfaces with prescribed mean curvature (53A10)

Abstract: Alexandrov's Soap Bubble theorem dates back to $1958$ and states that a compact embedded hypersurface in $mathbb{R}^N$ with constant mean curvature must be a sphere. For its proof, A.D. Alexandrov invented his reflection priciple. In $1982$, R. Reilly gave an alternative proof, based on integral identities and inequalities, connected with the torsional rigidity of a bar. In this article we study the stability of the spherical symmetry: the question is how much a hypersurface is near to a sphere, when its mean curvature is near to a constant in some norm. We present a stability estimate that states that a compact hypersurface $Gammasubsetmathbb{R}^N$ can be contained in a spherical annulus whose interior and exterior radii, say $h{o}_i$ and $h{o}_e$, satisfy the inequality ${\displaystyle }$ ho_e - ho_i le C Vert H - H_0 Vert^{ au_N}_{L^1 (Gamma)}, ${\displaystyle }$ where $a{u}_N=1/2$ if $N=2,3$, and $a{u}_N=1/(N+2)$ if $Nge4$. Here, $H$ is the mean curvature of $Gamma$, $H_0$ is some reference constant and $C$ is a constant that depends on some geometrical and spectral parameters associated with $Gamma$. This estimate improves previous results in the literature under various aspects. We also present similar estimates for some related overdetermined problems.

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