A first approach to learning a best basis for gravitational field modelling

DOI10.1007/S13137-020-0143-5zbMATH Open1504.86024arXiv1901.04222OpenAlexW2910195017MaRDI QIDQ2300570FDOQ2300570

V. Michel, Naomi Schneider

Publication date: 27 February 2020

Published in: GEM - International Journal on Geomathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Gravitational field modelling is an important tool for inferring past and present dynamic processes of the Earth. Functions on the sphere such as the gravitational potential are usually expanded in terms of either spherical harmonics or radial basis functions (RBFs). The (Regularized) Functional Matching Pursuit ((R)FMP) and its variants use an overcomplete dictionary of diverse trial functions to build a best basis as a sparse subset of the dictionary and compute a model, for instance, of the gravity field, in this best basis. Thus, one advantage is that the dictionary may contain spherical harmonics and RBFs. Moreover, these methods represent a possibility to obtain an approximative and stable solution of an ill-posed inverse problem, such as the downward continuation of gravitational data from the satellite orbit to the Earth's surface, but also other inverse problems in geomathematics and medical imaging. A remaining drawback is that in practice, the dictionary has to be finite and, so far, could only be chosen by rule of thumb or trial-and-error. In this paper, we develop a strategy for automatically choosing a dictionary by a novel learning approach. We utilize a non-linear constrained optimization problem to determine best-fitting RBFs (Abel-Poisson kernels). For this, we use the Ipopt software package with an HSL subroutine. Details of the algorithm are explained and first numerical results are shown.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.04222

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zbMATH Keywords

inverse problemnonlinear optimizationgreedy algorithmradial basis functionsspherical harmonicsdictionary learningmatching pursuitdownward continuation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Numerical optimization and variational techniques (65K10) Learning and adaptive systems in artificial intelligence (68T05) Inverse problems in geophysics (86A22) Algorithms for approximation of functions (65D15) Numerical solutions of ill-posed problems in abstract spaces; regularization (65J20) Numerical methods for inverse problems for integral equations (65R32) Approximation by arbitrary linear expressions (41A45) Boundary value and inverse problems for harmonic functions in higher dimensions (31B20) Numerical methods for ill-posed problems for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N20)

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Cited In (3)

• Regularized functional matching pursuit for the spherical multiple-shell electro-magnetoencephalography problem
• The ARM-Approach Based Local Modelling of the Gravitational Field
• Forward modeling with forced neural networks for gravity anomaly profile

Uses Software

• HSL
• Ipopt

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