On the set of local extrema of a subanalytic function

DOI10.1007/S13348-019-00245-6MaRDI QIDQ2301241zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors José F. Fernando

Publication date 24 February 2020

Published in Collectanea Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.06017

zbMATH Keywords

local extrema local maxima local minima semianalytic function semianalytic set subanalytic function subanalytic set

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Real-analytic and semi-analytic sets (14P15) Semi-analytic sets, subanalytic sets, and generalizations (32B20)

Abstract: Let

m a t h f r a k F

be a category of subanalytic subsets of real analytic manifolds that is closed under basic set-theoretical and basic topological operations. Let

M

be a real analytic manifold and denote

m a t h f r a k F (M)

the family of the subsets of

M

that belong to

m a t h f r a k F

. Let

f : X o m a t h b b R

be a subanalytic function on a subset

X i n m a t h f r a k F (M)

such that the inverse image under

f

of each interval of

m a t h b b R

belongs to

m a t h f r a k F (M)

. Let

m M a x (f)

be the set of local maxima of

f

and consider

{m M a x}_{l} a m b d a (f) := m M a x (f) c a p f = l a m b d a

for each

l a m b d a i n m a t h b b R

. If

f

is continuous, then

if and only if the family

{{m M a x}_{l} a m b d a (f)}_{l a m b d a i n m a t h b b R}

is locally finite in

M

. If we erase continuity condition, there exist subanalytic functions

f : X o M

such that

m M a x (f) i n m a t h f r a k F (M)

, but the family

{{m M a x}_{l} a m b d a (f)}_{l a m b d a i n m a t h b b R}

is not locally finite in

M

or such that

m M a x (f)

is connected but it is not even subanalytic. If

m a t h f r a k F

is the category of subanalytic sets and

f : X o m a t h b b R

is a subanalytic map

f

that maps relatively compact subsets of

M

contained in

X

to bounded subsets of

m a t h b b R

, then

m M a x (f) i n m a t h f r a k F (M)

and the family

{{m M a x}_{l} a m b d a (f)}_{l a m b d a i n m a t h b b R}

is locally finite in

M

. If the category

m a t h f r a k F

contains the intersections of algebraic sets with real analytic submanifolds and

X i n m a t h f r a k F (M)

is not closed in

M

, there exists a continuous subanalytic function

f : X o m a t h b b R

with graph belonging to

m a t h f r a k F (M i m e s m a t h b b R)

such that inverse images under

f

of the intervals of

m a t h b b R

belong to

m a t h f r a k F (M)

but

m M a x (f)

does not belong to

m a t h f r a k F (M)

.

Review text

Let \(\mathfrak{F}\) be a category of subanalytic subsets of real analytic manifolds that is closed under basic set-theoretical operations (locally finite unions, difference and product) and basic topological operations (taking connected components and closures). Let \(M\) be a real analytic manifold and denote by \(\mathfrak{F}(M)\) the family of the subsets of \(M\) that belong to the category \(\mathfrak{F}\). Let \(f:X\rightarrow R\) be a subanalytic function on a subset \(X\in\mathfrak{F}(M)\) such that the inverse image under \(f\) of each interval of \(\mathbb{R}\) belongs to \(\mathfrak{F}(M)\). Let \(\max(f)\) be the set of local maxima of \(f\) and consider its intersections with level sets \(\max_{\lambda}(f):=\max(f)\cap\{{f=}\lambda\}\) for each \(\lambda\in\mathbb{R}\). The main result is that if \(f\) is continuous, then \(\max(f)\in\mathfrak{F}(M)\) if and only if the family \(\{\max_{\lambda}(f)\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{R}}\) is locally finite in \(M\).

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