Massey products and Fujita decompositions on fibrations of curves

DOI10.1007/S13348-019-00247-4MaRDI QIDQ2301243zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Sara Torelli, Gian Pietro Pirola

Publication date 24 February 2020

Published in Collectanea Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.02828

fibrations of curves Fujita decompositions local systems Massey products

Transcendental methods, Hodge theory (algebro-geometric aspects) (14C30) Fibrations, degenerations in algebraic geometry (14D06) Period matrices, variation of Hodge structure; degenerations (32G20)

Abstract: Let

f : S o B

be a fibration of curves and let

f_{a} s t o m e g a_{S / B} = c U o p l u s c A

be the second Fujita decomposition of

f .

In this paper we study a kind of Massey products, which are defined as infinitesimal invariants by the cohomology of a curve, in relation to the monodromy of certain subbundles of

c U

. The main result states that their vanishing on a general fibre of

f

implies that the monodromy group acts faithfully on a finite set of morphisms and is therefore finite. In the last part we apply our result in terms of the normal function induced by the Ceresa cycle. On the one hand, we prove that the monodromy group of the whole

c U

of hyperelliptic fibrations is finite (giving another proof of a result due to Luo and Zuo). On the other hand, we show that the normal function is non torsion if the monodromy is infinite (this happens e.g. in the examples shown by Catanese and Dettweiler).

Review text

Consider a fibration \(f:S\rightarrow B\) from a smooth complex projective surface to a smooth curve. The second Fujita's decomposition of the Hodge bundle is \( f_*\omega_f= \mathcal{ U} \oplus \mathcal{ A}\) where \(A\) is ample and \(\mathcal{ U} \) is a unitary flat bundle, see [\textit{F. Catanese} and \textit{M. Dettweiler}, C. R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 352, No. 3, 241--244 (2014; Zbl 1310.14017)]. Those authors proved that \(\mathcal{ U} \) is quasiample iff the monodromy of the associated local system is finite. They provided examples when monodromy is infinite. The paper under review introduces and studies certain flat subbundles \(\mathcal {M} \) of \(\mathcal{ U}\), one main result is the finiteness of their monodromy. The bundles in question are built by means of a condition that roughly requires that some Massey-like products all vanish, the unfamiliar reader can consult the article's section \(3\), where the construction of families of Massey-like products is motivated and explained. The non vanishing of a Massey product implies that the infinitesimal invariant of the normal function of the Ceresa cycle is non trivial. Now if the monodromy of \(\mathcal{ U} \) is not finite then \(\mathcal{ U} \) cannot be of Massey type, so that there must be a nonvanishing Massey product, hence the normal function associated with the Ceresa cycle on the general fibre is not trivial. This is then the case for the examples of Catanese and Dettweiler. Conversely when the normal function is trivial then \(\mathcal{ U}\) is of Massey type, hence of finite monodromy. This is the case for families of hyperelliptic curves. The heart of the paper is the construction of the Massey bundles and the investigation of their monodromy. The proof of finiteness rests on a remarkable circle of ideas, one such being the use of a new non-classical version of the theorem of Castelnuovo-de Franchis.

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