Comparing the degrees of enumerability and the closed Medvedev degrees

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Abstract: We compare the degrees of enumerability and the closed Medvedev degrees and find that many situations occur. There are nonzero closed degrees that do not bound nonzero degrees of enumerability, there are nonzero degrees of enumerability that do not bound nonzero closed degrees, and there are degrees that are nontrivially both degrees of enumerability and closed degrees. We also show that the compact degrees of enumerability exactly correspond to the cototal enumeration degrees.


The set $A$ is enumeration reducible to the set $B$ ($A \leq_e B$) if there is an effective procedure by which, given any enumeration of $B$, an enumeration of $A$ can be produced. This relation generates the enumeration degrees. A mass problem $A$ is a subset of $\omega^\omega$. In Hartley Rogers' words, ``it is a collection of functions any one of which can `solve' the `problem' and at least one of which can be obtained from any `solution' to the `problem'. Mass problems are ordered by $A \leq_s B$, which holds iff from any given member of $B$ a member of $A$ can be computed. This relation generates the degrees of difficulty, or Medvedev degrees, a bounded distributive lattice. A Medvedev degree is closed iff it is the degree of a closed subset of $\omega^\omega$. The degrees of solvability are among the enumeration degrees, which in turn can be embedded in the closed Medvedev degrees. Let $\mathcal{E}_A$ be the set of functions with range $A$, the ``problem of enumerability of $A$. Then $A \leq_e B$ iff $\mathcal{E}_A \leq_s \mathcal{E}_B$, where $e$ and $s$ order the degrees of enumerability and Medvedev degrees, respectively. Further: ``There are nonzero degrees that do not bound nonzero closed degrees, and there are degrees that are nontrivially both degrees of enumerability and closed (Medvedev) degrees.











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