Quantum approximate Markov chains are thermal

DOI10.1007/S00220-019-03485-6zbMATH Open1482.81004arXiv1609.06636OpenAlexW3102283430WikidataQ127648529 ScholiaQ127648529MaRDI QIDQ2314432FDOQ2314432

Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, Kohtaro Kato

Publication date: 22 July 2019

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We prove that any one-dimensional (1D) quantum state with small quantum conditional mutual information in all certain tripartite splits of the system, which we call a quantum approximate Markov chain, can be well-approximated by a Gibbs state of a short-range quantum Hamiltonian. Conversely, we also derive an upper bound on the (quantum) conditional mutual information of Gibbs states of 1D short-range quantum Hamiltonians. We show that the conditional mutual information between two regions A and C conditioned on the middle region B decays exponentially with the square root of the length of B. These two results constitute a variant of the Hammersley-Clifford theorem (which characterizes Markov networks, i.e. probability distributions which have vanishing conditional mutual information, as Gibbs states of classical short-range Hamiltonians) for 1D quantum systems. The result can be seen as a strengthening - for 1D systems - of the mutual information area law for thermal states. It directly implies an efficient preparation of any 1D Gibbs state at finite temperature by a constant-depth quantum circuit.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.06636

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Discrete-time Markov processes on general state spaces (60J05) Quantum information, communication, networks (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P45) Quantum stochastic calculus (81S25)

Cites Work

• Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics
• Quantum conditional mutual information and approximate Markov chains
• Robustness of quantum Markov chains
• Area Laws in Quantum Systems: Mutual Information and Correlations
• Gibbs states of a one dimensional quantum lattice
• Continuity of quantum conditional information
• Expansional in banach algebras
• Quantum graphical models and belief propagation
• Exponential decay of correlations implies area law
• The MaxEnt extension of a quantum Gibbs family, convex geometry and geodesics
• Information topologies on non-commutative state spaces
• Finite correlation length implies efficient preparation of quantum thermal states

Cited In (8)

• Asymptotic reversibility of thermal operations for interacting quantum spin systems via generalized quantum Stein’s lemma
• Locality at the boundary implies gap in the bulk for 2D PEPS
• Decay of quantum conditional mutual information for purely generated finitely correlated states
• The Quantum Complexity of Markov Chain Monte Carlo
• Classical restrictions of generic matrix product states are quasi-locally Gibbsian
• Finite correlation length implies efficient preparation of quantum thermal states
• Matrix product states and the decay of quantum conditional mutual information
• Entropy constraints for ground energy optimization

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