Convergences of asymptotically autonomous pullback attractors towards semigroup attractors

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Abstract: For pullback attractors of asymptotically autonomous dynamical systems we study the convergences of their components towards the global attractors of the limiting semigroups. We use some conditions of uniform boundedness of pullback attractors, instead of uniform compactness conditions used in the literature. Both forward convergence and backward convergence are studied.


The notion of pull-back attractor generalizes the notion of attractor of an autonomous dynamical system to non-autonomous dynamics. A natural question is whether for systems which are `asymptotically autonomous', that is approaches an autonomous dynamical system as \(t\rightarrow \infty\), the pull-back attractor converges to the attractor of the autonomous system for large time, in a Hausdorff sense. This paper presents a theorem to this effect, where, in contrast with previous work on the same question, the process is only assumed to be forward bounded, rather than forward compact. An analogous theorem is proved in the case of backward convergence (\(t\rightarrow -\infty\)). An example of an application of the results to a non-autonomous reaction-diffusion equation on the real line is given.




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