The uniqueness of Weierstrass points with semigroup a;b and related semigroups

DOI10.1007/S12188-019-00201-YMaRDI QIDQ2323686zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Marc Coppens

Publication date 3 September 2019

Published in Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universität Hamburg (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04271

zbMATH Keywords

\(C_{ab}\)-curvesgonalityWeierstrass pointsWeierstrass semigroup

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Riemann surfaces; Weierstrass points; gap sequences (14H55)

Abstract: Assume $a$ and $b=na+r$ with $ngeq1$ and $0<r<a$ are relatively prime integers. In case $C$ is a smooth curve and $P$ is a point on $C$ with Weierstrass semigroup equal to $<a;b>$ then $C$ is called a $C_{a;b}$-curve. In case $reqa-1$ and $beqa+1$ we prove $C$ has no other point $QeqP$ having Weierstrass semigroup equal to $<a;b>$. We say the Weierstrass semigroup $<a;b>$ occurs at most once. The curve $C_{a;b}$ has genus $(a-1)(b-1)/2$ and the result is generalized to genus $g<(a-1)(b-1)/2$. We obtain a lower bound on $g$ (sharp in many cases) such that all Weierstrass semigroups of genus $g$ containing $<a;b>$ occur at most once.

Review text

Let $(\mathbb{N},+)$ be the semigroup of non-negative integers. A subsemigroup $H \subset \mathbb{N}$ is called a \textit{Weierstrass semigroup of genus $g$} if $\mathbb{N} \backslash H$ is a finite set of exactly $g$ integers. These groups arise naturally from smooth algebraic curves in the following way: let $C$ be a smooth curve of genus $g$ and $\mathcal{O}_C$ be the sheaf of regular functions on $C$. For a point $P \in C$ set \[ WS(P) = \{ \deg(f)_0 \mid f \in \mathcal{O}_C( C \backslash \{P\}) \}. \] Then this is a Weierstrass semigroup of genus $g$, the \textit{Weierstrass semigroup of $P$}. The elements of $\mathbb{N} \backslash WS(P)$ are called the \textit{gaps of $P$} and the elements of $WS(P)$ are called the \textit{non-gaps}. For all but finitely many points the set of gaps of $P$ is equal to $\{1,2,\dots,g\}$. The special points for which this is not true are called the \textit{Weierstrass points} of $C$. In this paper, the author proves the following results: assume that $0 < a < b$ are relatively prime natural numbers, such that $b \mod a = r$. If $C$ is a smooth curve and $P$ is a point on $C$ with Weierstrass semigroup $WS(P)= \langle a,b \rangle$, generated by $a$ and $b$ then $C$ is called a $C_{a,b}$ -curve. In case $r \neq a-1$ and $b \neq a+1$ the author proves that $C$ has no other point $Q \neq P$ having Weierstrass semigroup equal to $\langle a, b \rangle$. In this case the semigroup $WS(P) = \langle a, b \rangle$ occurs at most once. The curve $C_{a,b}$ has genus $(a-1)(b-1)/2$. The author then generalizes this result to genus $g < (a-1)(b-1)/2$. He also obtains a lower bound on $g$ such that all Weierstrass semigroups of genus $g$ containing $\langle a, b \rangle$ occur at most once. This lower bound is sharp in many cases. In the final section examples are provided.

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Cited in

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