Topology, isomorphic smoothness and polyhedrality in Banach spaces

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2019.106848MaRDI QIDQ2324558zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 11 September 2019

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.02899

boundary locally uniformly rotund norm polyhedrality smoothness

Isomorphic theory (including renorming) of Banach spaces (46B03) Geometry and structure of normed linear spaces (46B20) Nonseparable Banach spaces (46B26)

Abstract: In recent decades, topology has come to play an increasing role in some geometric aspects of Banach space theory. The class of so-called

w^{*}

-locally relatively compact sets was introduced recently by Fonf, Pallares, Troyanski and the author, and were found to be a useful topological tool in the theory of isomorphic smoothness and polyhedrality in Banach spaces. We develop the topological theory of these sets and present some Banach space applications.

Review text

The starting point of this very informative paper is the well-known theorem that for separable Banach spaces \(X\), the existence of a polyhedral-, LFC- or smooth norm are all equivalent to \(X\) admitting a norm-\(\sigma\)-compact boundary. Towards fulfilling the dream of finding the ``right boundary condition in the non-separable case, the author further develops a concept from [\textit{V. Fonf} et al., J. Funct. Anal. 266, No. 1, 247--264 (2014; Zbl 1312.46014)], namely, that the boundary be what is called \(\sigma\)-\(w^\ast\) locally relatively compact and a countable union of \(w^\ast\)-compacts (\(w^\ast\)-\(K_{\sigma}\)). Section 1 gives an overview of known main results, in particular, that having a \(\sigma\)-\(w^\ast\)-LRC and \(w^\ast\)-\(K_{\sigma}\) boundary implies that the norm can be approximated by both polyhedral norms and \(C^\infty\)-smooth norms with arbitrary precision (Theorem 1.6). Let us refer to this kind of norm as ``such a norm. The governing result in Section 2 is that being a \(\sigma\)-\(w^\ast\)-LRC and \(w^\ast\)-\(K_{\sigma}\) set extends to the span of that set (Theorem 2.3). From this, some quick corollaries follow, giving sufficient conditions for ``such a norm. The proof of Theorem 2.3 is far from being an easy exercise and uses techniques based on Haydon's analysis from [\textit{R. Haydon}, J. Funct. Anal. 254, No. 8, 2023--2039 (2008; Zbl 1158.46005)]. An ``easy to state result ends Section 2: If both \(X\) and \(Y\) admit \(\sigma\)-\(w^\ast\)-LRC and \(w^\ast\)-\(K_{\sigma}\) boundaries, then so does their injective tensor product. In Theorem 3.2, the author also finds a necessary condition when he proves that admitting a \(\sigma\)-\(w^\ast\)-LRC and \(w^\ast\)-\(K_{\sigma}\) boundary implies that the space admits a norm having LUR dual norm.

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