Band number and the double slice genus

MaRDI QIDQ2329085zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Clayton McDonald

Publication date 17 October 2019

Published in The New York Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07625, http://nyjm.albany.edu/j/2019/25-42.html

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zbMATH Keywords

band numberband unknotting numberbroken surface diagramdouble slice genusdoubly slicesaddle movesuperslice genussurface in $4$-space

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Knot theory (57K10) Higher-dimensional knots and links (57K45) Low-dimensional topology of special (e.g., branched) coverings (57M12) Isotopy and pseudo-isotopy (57N37)

Abstract: We study the double slice genus of a knot, a natural generalization of slice genus. We define a notion called band number, a natural generalization of band unknotting number, and prove it is an upper bound on double slice genus. Our bound is based on an analysis of broken surface diagrams and embedding properties of 3-manifolds in 4-manifolds.

Review text

Consider surfaces in \(S^4\) intersecting the equator \(S^3\) in a given knot \(K\) and bounding a handlebody. The minimal genus of such surfaces is called the double slice genus \(g_{ds}(K)\) of the knot \(K\). The double of the Seifert genus as well as the double of the unknotting number are seen to be upper bounds for the double slice genus. The minimal number of saddle moves to produce the unknot from \(K\) corresponds to a band unknotting sequence and defines the band unknotting number \(u_b(K)\). Further refinement leads to the superslice genus \(g_{ss}(K)\), and the main result is the inequality sequence \(u_b(K) \geqslant g_{ss}(K) \geqslant g_{ds}(K)\). The proof uses the notions of ribbon surface coming from band unknotting, and of broken surface diagram, a technique from surface knots in \(4\)-space. The minimal number of bands on a ribbon surface of \(K\), the band number \(b(K)\), turns out to be another upper bound for \(g_{ds}(K)\).

Recommendations

• A lower bound for the double slice genus
• A lower bound for the doubly slice genus from signatures
• Determining the doubly slice genera of prime knots with up to 12 crossings
• The Free Genus of Doubled Knots
• Doubly slice knots with low crossing number

Cites work

• A lower bound for the double slice genus
• Band surgery on knots and links
• Doubly slice knots with low crossing number
• Embedding 3-manifolds in spin 4-manifolds
• Embedding Seifert manifolds in \(S^{4}\)
• Knotted ball pairs whose product with an interval is unknotted
• PROPERTY R AND SUPERSLICES
• Some problems in knot theory
• Unknotting operations involving trivial tangles

Cited in

(11)

• The slicing number of a knot
• A lower bound for the doubly slice genus from signatures
• Abelian invariants of doubly slice links
• The nonorientable 4-genus of knots
• Determining the doubly slice genera of prime knots with up to 12 crossings
• Lernaean knots and band surgery
• A lower bound for the double slice genus
• Critical point counts in knot cobordisms: abelian and metacyclic invariants
• Balanced algebraic unknotting, linking forms, and surfaces in three- and four-space
• On knots that divide ribbon knotted surfaces
• Integer inequalities between knot invariants, skein tree depth and delta-crossing numbers

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