Relative Pólya group and Pólya dihedral extensions of Q

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2019.07.016MaRDI QIDQ2329280zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 17 October 2019

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.04744

dihedral extensions integer valued polynomials Pólya fields Pólya group relative Pólya group

Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers (11R04) Class numbers, class groups, discriminants (11R29) Galois cohomology (11R34) Class field theory (11R37) Ramification and extension theory (11S15) Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials (13F20)

Abstract: We define the relative Polya group for a finite extension of number fields and prove triviality of the relative Polya group for the Hilbert class field. Then we generalize our previous results on Polya S3-extensions of Q to some dihedral extensions of Q.

Review text

An algebraic number field \(L\), with a ring of integers \(\mathbb{Z}_{L}\), is said to be Pólya (or a Pólya field) if the \(\mathbb{Z}_{L}\)-module \[ Int(\mathbb{Z}_{L}):=\{P\in L[x]\mid P(\mathbb{Z}_{L})\subseteq \mathbb{Z}_{L}\} \] of integer-valued polynomials on \(\mathbb{Z}_{L}\) has a basis which contains one element for each degree. Let \(\Pi_{q}(L)\) be the product of all maximal ideals of \(\mathbb{Z}_{L}\) with norm \(q\). It is well known that \(L\) is Pólya if and only if all ideals \(\Pi_{q}(L)\) are principal. Recall also that the Pólya-Ostrowski group, say \(Po(L)\), of \(L\) is the subgroup of the ideal class group \(Cl(L)\), generated by the classes of ideals \(\Pi_{q}(L)\); thus, Pólya fields are those number fields with trivial Pólya-Ostrowski group. Now, let \(L/K\) be a finite extension of number fields. For a prime ideal \(\mathcal{B}\) of \(K\) and a natural number \(f\), let \(\Pi_{\mathcal{B}^{f}}(L/K)\) be the product of all maximal ideals \(\mathcal{M}\) of \(\mathbb{Z}_{L}\) satisfying \(N_{L/K}(\mathcal{M)=B}^{f}\), where \(N_{L/K}\) is the ideal norm morphism. Then, the relative Pólya-Ostrowski group of \(L\) over \(K\), denoted by \(Po(L/K)\), is the subgroup of \(Cl(L)\), generated by the classes of ideals \(\Pi_{\mathcal{B}^{f}}(L/K)\). In particular, \(Po(L/\mathbb{Q})=Po(L)\) and \(Po(L/L)=Cl(L)\). Using cohomological tools from [\textit{A. Brumer} and \textit{M. Rosen}, Nagoya Math. J. 23, 97--101 (1963; Zbl 0128.26204)], the authors of the paper under review, determine \(Po(L/K)\) for certain extensions \(L/K\). This allows them to generalize a result of \textit{A. Leriche} [J. Number Theory 145, 210--229 (2014; Zbl 1332.11099)], by proving the triviality of \(Po(H(K)/K)\), where \(H(K)\) is the Hilbert class field of \(K\), and also to extend their previous result [Proc. R. Soc. Edinb., Sect. A, Math. 149, No. 6, 1421--1433 (2019; Zbl 1447.11110)] on the Pólya-ness of \(D_{6}\)-extensions to \(D_{2p}\)-extensions, where \(D_{2p}\)-extension signifies a normal closure of a non-cyclic field of odd prime degree \(p\), having a Galois group isomorphic to the Dihedral group \(D_{2p}\) of order \(2p\). In addition, they improve a upper bound again due to \textit{A. Leriche} [J. Number Theory 133, No. 1, 59--71 (2013; Zbl 1296.11136)], for the number of ramified primes in certain Pólya fields.

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