Bifurcation locus and branches at infinity of a polynomial f: C^2 C

DOI10.1007/S00208-014-1100-0MaRDI QIDQ2339337zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Z. Jelonek, Mihai-Marius Tibar

Publication date 31 March 2015

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.6544

zbMATH Keywords

bifurcation setbifurcation values at infinitybranches at infinitycritical values at infinity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fibrations, degenerations in algebraic geometry (14D06) Local complex singularities (32S05) Critical points of functions and mappings on manifolds (58K05) Topological properties of mappings on manifolds (58K15)

Abstract: We show that the number of bifurcation points at infinity of a polynomial function f : C2 -> C is at most the number of branches at infinity of a generic fiber of f and that this upper bound can be diminished by one in certain cases.

Review text

For a polynomial function \(f: {\mathbb C }^2 \to {\mathbb C }\), the bifurcation set \(B(f)\) is the (finite) subset of \(\mathbb C\) where \(f\) is not a locally trivial fibration. \(B_{\infty} (f)\) denotes the set of bifurcation values at infinity (also denoted as critical values at infinity) consisting of all \(a\in \mathbb C\) at which the restriction of \(f\) to the complement of a sufficiently large ball around \(0 \in {\mathbb C}^2\) is not a locally trivial bundle. Upper bounds for \(\# B_{\infty} (f)\) are known, e.g., in terms of Newton polyhedra [\textit{Le Van Thanh} and \textit{M. Oka}, Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 31, No. 4, 577--598 (1995; Zbl 0851.32029)] or \(\text{deg} (f)\) [\textit{J. Gwoździewicz} and \textit{A. Płoski}, Zesz. Nauk. Uniw. Jagiell., Univ. Iagell. Acta Math. 1255(39), 109--133 (2001; Zbl 1015.32026)]. A recent result of \textit{J. Gwoździewicz} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2013, No. 15, 3371--3385 (2013; Zbl 1314.32041)] gives the following estimate: If \(\nu _0\) denotes the number of branches at infinity of the (reduced) fibre \(f^{-1}(0)\), then the number of critical values at infinity other than 0 is at most \(\nu _0\). The authors refine and improve this, applying another method which uses results of \textit{M. Miyanishi} [J. Algebra 68, 268--275 (1981; Zbl 0462.14012); Open algebraic surfaces. Providence, RI: AMS (2001; Zbl 0964.14030)] and \textit{R. V. Gurjar} [in: Proceedings of the Indo-French conference on geometry held in Bombay, India, 1989. Delhi: Hindustan Book Agency. 95--102 (1993; Zbl 0836.14019)]: It is shown that \(\# B_{\infty} (f)\) is at most the number of branches at \(\infty\) of a generic fiber of \(f\). Furthermore, this bound can be diminished by 1 in certain cases.

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Cited in

(16)

• Note on estimation of the number of the critical values at infinity
• On the singularities at infinity of plane algebraic curves.
• Estimation of the number of the critical values at infinity of a polynomial function \(f:\mathbf C^ 2 \to \mathbf C\)
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