Derivatives for smooth representations of GL(n, R) and GL(n, C)

Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over real fields: analytic methods (22E45) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over local fields (22E50)

Abstract: The notion of derivatives for smooth representations of GL(n) in the p-adic case was defined by J. Bernstein and A. Zelevinsky. In the archimedean case, an analog of the highest derivative was defined for irreducible unitary representations by S. Sahi and called the "adduced" representation. In this paper we define derivatives of all order for smooth admissible Frechet representations (of moderate growth). The archimedean case is more problematic than the p-adic case; for example arbitrary derivatives need not be admissible. However, the highest derivative continues being admissible, and for irreducible unitarizable representations coincides with the space of smooth vectors of the adduced representation. In [AGS] we prove exactness of the highest derivative functor, and compute highest derivatives of all monomial representations. We prove exactness of the highest derivative functor, and compute highest derivatives of all monomial representations. We apply those results to finish the computation of adduced representations for all irreducible unitary representations and to prove uniqueness of degenerate Whittaker models for unitary representations, thus completing the results of [Sah89, Sah90, SaSt90, GS12].

Review text

Derivatives of smooth representations of \(\mathrm{GL}(n)\) over non-archimedean local fields were defined by \textit{I. N. Bernstein} and \textit{A. V. Zelevinsky} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 10, 441--472 (1977; Zbl 0412.22015)]. These derivatives play an important role in the representation theory of \(\mathrm{GL}(n)\), and in the theory of Rankin-Selberg convolution. In the paper under review, the authors define the analogous derivatives in the archimedean case, and prove a series of interesting properties of the derivatives. In particular, they prove that the \(d\)-th derivative \(D^d\) yields an exact functor from the category of Casselman-Wallach representations of \(\mathrm{GL}_n(F)\) of depth \(\leq d\) to the category of Casselman-Wallach representations of \(\mathrm{GL}_{n-d}(F)\). Here \(F\) is an archimedean local field, and a Casselman-Wallach representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_n(F)\) is said to be of depth \(\leq d\) if \(x^d=0\) for every matrix \(x\) in its annihilator variety.

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