Zero modes of quantum graph Laplacians and an index theorem

DOI10.1007/S00023-014-0347-ZzbMATH Open1312.81079arXiv1311.5485OpenAlexW2156223519MaRDI QIDQ2340947FDOQ2340947

Authors: J. Bolte, Sebastian Endres, Frank Steiner 

Publication date: 21 April 2015

Published in: Annales Henri Poincaré (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study zero modes of Laplacians on compact and non-compact metric graphs with general self-adjoint vertex conditions. In the first part of the paper the number of zero modes is expressed in terms of the trace of a unitary matrix $mathfrakS$ that encodes the vertex conditions imposed on functions in the domain of the Laplacian. In the second part a Dirac operator is defined whose square is related to the Laplacian. In order to accommodate Laplacians with negative eigenvalues it is necessary to define the Dirac operator on a suitable Kreu{i}n space. We demonstrate that an arbitrary, self-adjoint quantum graph Laplacian admits a factorisation into momentum-like operators in a Kreu{i}n-space setting. As a consequence, we establish an index theorem for the associated Dirac operator and prove that the zero-mode contribution in the trace formula for the Laplacian can be expressed in terms of the index of the Dirac operator.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.5485

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Schrödinger operator, Schrödinger equation (35J10) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35)

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Cited In (6)

• Index theorems for quantum graphs
• Equivalence of lattice operators and graph matrices
• Quantizing graphs, one way or two?
• Zero measure and singular continuous spectra for quantum graphs
• Many-Particle Quantum Graphs: A Review
• First order approach and index theorems for discrete and metric graphs

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