Weak observability estimates for 1-D wave equations with rough coefficients

DOI10.1016/J.ANIHPC.2013.10.004zbMATH Open1320.93027arXiv1305.0530OpenAlexW2963084856MaRDI QIDQ2347862FDOQ2347862

Authors: Francesco Fanelli, Enrique Zuazua 

Publication date: 10 June 2015

Published in: Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper we prove observability estimates for 1-dimensional wave equations with non-Lipschitz coefficients. For coefficients in the Zygmund class we prove a "classical" observability estimate, which extends the well-known observability results in the energy space for $BV$ regularity. When the coefficients are instead log-Lipschitz or log-Zygmund, we prove observability estimates "with loss of derivatives": in order to estimate the total energy of the solutions, we need measurements on some higher order Sobolev norms at the boundary. This last result represents the intermediate step between the Lipschitz (or Zygmund) case, when observability estimates hold in the energy space, and the H"older one, when they fail at any finite order (as proved in cite{Castro-Z}) due to an infinite loss of derivatives. We also establish a sharp relation between the modulus of continuity of the coefficients and the loss of derivatives in the observability estimates. In particular, we will show that under any condition which is weaker than the log-Lipschitz one (not only H"older, for instance), observability estimates fail in general, while in the intermediate instance between the Lipschitz and the log-Lipschitz ones they can hold only admitting a loss of a finite number of derivatives. This classification has an exact counterpart when considering also the second variation of the coefficients.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.0530

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zbMATH Keywords

observability estimatesnon-Lipschitz coefficientsloss of derivativesZygmund regularity1-D wave equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Wave equation (35L05) PDEs in connection with control and optimization (35Q93) Observability (93B07)

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Cited In (16)

• Propagation of 1D waves in regular discrete heterogeneous media: a Wigner measure approach
• On the Cauchy problem for microlocally symmetrizable hyperbolic systems with log-Lipschitz coefficients
• Boundary stabilization of numerical approximations of the 1-D variable coefficients wave equation: A numerical viscosity approach
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• On the cost of observability in small times for the one-dimensional heat equation
• Embeddings and characterizations of Lipschitz spaces
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• Some local questions for hyperbolic systems with non-regular time dependent coefficients
• Low regularity ray tracing for wave equations with Gaussian beams
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