Properties of Lyubeznik numbers under localization and polarization

Abstract: We exhibit a global bound for the Lyubeznik numbers of a ring of prime characteristic. In addition, we show that for a monomial ideal, the Lyubeznik numbers of the quotient rings of its radical and its polarization are the same. Furthermore, we present examples that show striking behavior of the Lyubeznik numbers under localization. We also show related results for generalizations of the Lyubeznik numbers.

Review text

This paper investigates the Lyubeznik numbers, \(\lambda_{i,j}(R)\), the invariants that have been studied extensively in recent years. These numbers are invariants for local rings containing a field. Let \((R,\mathfrak{m},K)\) be a local ring containing a field. By the Cohen Structure Theorem, there exists a regular local ring \((S,\mathfrak{n},K)\) containing a field and an epimorphism \(S\rightarrow \widehat{R}\). Let \(I\) be the kernel of this epimorphism and \(n:=\dim S\). Denote the rank of the \(K\)-vector space \(\mathrm{Ext}_S^i(K,H^{n-j}_I(S))\) by \(\lambda_{i,j}(R)\). It is known that these integers are finite and only depend on \(R\), \(i\) and \(j\), but neither on \(S\) nor on the epimorphism \(S\rightarrow \widehat{R}.\) These invariants were introduced by \textit{G. Lyubeznik} [Invent. Math. 113, No. 1, 41--55 (1993; Zbl 0795.13004)]. The first main result of this paper is as follows: Let \(S\) be finite-dimensional regular ring of prime characteristic and \(R\) a quotient ring of \(S\). There exists a positive integer \(C\) such that \[ \lambda_{i,j}(R_{\mathfrak{p}})\leq C \] for all \(i,j \in\mathbb{N}_0\) and all \(\mathfrak{p}\in \mathrm{Spec} R\). Let \(K\) be a field and \(J\) a monomial ideal of the polynomial ring \(S:=K[X_1, \dots, X_n]\). Let \(\widetilde{J}\) denote the polarization of \(J\) and \(\widetilde{S}:=K[X_{r,s}]\) denote the polarization ring. Let \(\mathfrak{m}\) and \(\mathfrak{n}\) denote the maximal homogeneous ideals of \(S\) and \(\widetilde{S}\), respectively and set \(h:=\dim \widetilde{S}/\widetilde{J}-\dim S/J\). The second main result of this paper asserts that \[ \lambda_{i-h,j-h}(S_{\mathfrak{m}}/JS_{\mathfrak{m}})=\lambda_{i,j}(\widetilde{S}_{ \mathfrak{n}}/\widetilde{J}\widetilde{S}_{\mathfrak{n}}) \] for all \(i,j\in\mathbb{N}_0\).

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