Reductive and weakly reductive closures of congruences on semigroups.

left reductive semigroups nilpotent semigroups rectangular bands reductive closures of congruences right reductive semigroups weakly reductive congruences weakly reductive semigroups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Subalgebras, congruence relations (08A30) General structure theory for semigroups (20M10)

Review text

A semigroup \(S\) is called a left (right) reductive semigroup if, for any elements \(a,b\in S\), the assumption ``\(xa=xb\) (\(ax=bx\)) holds for all \(x\in S\) implies \(a=b\). If \(S\) is both left and right reductive, then \(S\) is said to be reductive. If, for every elements \(a,b\in S\), the assumption ``\(xa=xb\) and \(ax=bx\) hold for all \(x\in S\) implies \(a=b\), then \(S\) is said to be weakly reductive. Clearly a reductive semigroup is also weakly reductive. A congruence \(\alpha\) on a semigroup \(S\) is called a (left, right, weakly) reductive congruence, if the factor semigroup \(S/\alpha\) is (left, right, weakly) reductive. \textit{A. Nagy} [in Semigroup Forum 87, No. 1, 129-148 (2013; Zbl 1301.20057)] investigated the left reductive closures of congruences of semigroups. In the present paper, these investigations are extended to weakly reductive, respectively, reductive closures of congruences of semigroups.

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