Hardy-Sobolev spaces associated with Hermite expansions and interpolation

Maximal functions, Littlewood-Paley theory (42B25) Fourier series in special orthogonal functions (Legendre polynomials, Walsh functions, etc.) (42C10)

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The author defines the Hardy-Sobolev space \(H^{1,1}_A(\mathbb{R}^d)\), \(d\geq1\), in the setting of the Hermite operator \(A:=-\Delta+|x|^2\). Since \(A=\frac12\sum_{j=1}^d(A_jA_{-j}+A_{-j}A_j)\), where \(A_{\pm j}=\pm \frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}+x_j\), the operators \(A_{\pm j}\) play the role of \textsl{natural derivatives} in this setting and hence \(H^{1,1}_A(\mathbb{R}^d)\) is defined as the set of functions \(f\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)\) such that \[ \|f\|_{H^{1,1}_A}:=\|f\|_{L^1}+\sum_{j=1}^d \|A_jf\|_{H^1_A}<\infty. \] Here, \(H^1_A\) denotes the Hardy space appropriately associated with \(A\). Then, with the assumption \(d\geq3\), equivalent characterizations of \(H^{1,1}_A(\mathbb{R}^d)\) are given in terms of the potential operator \(A^{-1/2}\) or in terms of an atomic decomposition, respectively. A part of the paper is also devoted to the problem of real interpolation of the Hardy-Sobolev space \(H^{1,1}_A(\mathbb{R}^d)\) and the Sobolev spaces \(W^{1,s}(\mathbb{R}^d)\).

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