Higher ramification and the local Langlands correspondence

Langlands (L)-functions; one variable Dirichlet series and functional equations (11F66) Representation-theoretic methods; automorphic representations over local and global fields (11F70) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over local fields (22E50)

Abstract: Let

F

be a non-Archimedean locally compact field. We show that the local Langlands correspondence over

F

has a strong property generalizing the higher ramification theorem of local class field theory. If

p i

is an irreducible cuspidal representation of a general linear group

G L_{n} (F)

and

s i g m a

the corresponding irreducible representation of the Weil group

W_{F}

of

F

, the restriction of

s i g m a

to a ramification subgroup of

W_{F}

is determined by a truncation of the simple character

h e t a_{p} i

contained in

p i

, and conversely. Numerical aspects of the relation are governed by a Herbrand-like function

P s i_{T} h e t a

depending on the endo-class

T h e t a

of

h e t a_{p} i

. We give a method for determining

P s i_{T} h e t a

. Consequently, the ramification-theoretic structure of

s i g m a

can be predicted from the simple character

h e t a_{p} i

alone.

Review text

Let \(F\) denote a non-Archimedean local field and write \(\mathcal W_F\) for its Weil group. For a natural number \(n\), write \(\widehat{\mathcal W_F}_n\) for the set of isomorphy classes of irreducible \(n\)-dimensional complex representations of \(\mathcal W_F\). On the other hand, let \(\widehat{\mathrm{GL}_n(F)}\) denote the set of all cuspidal irreducible smooth representations of the totally disconnected group \(\mathrm{GL}_n(F)\). The local Langlands correspondence is a bijection \[ \widehat{\mathrm{GL}_n(F)}\to \widehat{\mathcal W_F}_n \] preserving central characters, duals, L- and \(\varepsilon\)-factors. As the authors of the current paper rightly remark, the existence, yet even a construction of the correspondence does not immediately tell you, how deeper information about the representations is transferred from one side to the other. In the current paer, the authors begin to fill this gap by showing how higher ramification is transferred in the correspondence. Let \(\pi\in \widehat{\mathrm{GL}_n(F)}\) be mapped to \(\sigma \in \widehat{\mathcal W_F}_n\) by the correspondence. The first main result of the paper is that the restriction of \(\sigma\) to a ramification subgroup of \(\mathcal W_F\) is determined by a truncation of the simple character \(\theta_\pi\) contained in \(\pi\), and vice versa. Numerical aspects of the relation are governed by an Herbrandt-like function \(\psi_\theta\) depending on \(\theta_\pi\). The second main result consists in an algorithm for computing \(\psi_\theta\) directly from \(\theta_\pi\). This in particular means that the ramification structure of \(\sigma\) depends on the simple character \(\theta_\pi\) alone.

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