Global solvability of the Maxwell-Bloch equations from nonlinear optics

DOI10.1007/BF02206557MaRDI QIDQ2365374zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors P. Donnat, Jeffrey Rauch

Publication date 27 October 1997

Published in Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02206557

zbMATH Keywords

Arzelà-Ascoli theorem Gronwall's inequality self-focusing of optical beams unique global solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Electromagnetic theory (general) (78A25)

Review text

The authors study the global solvability of the Maxwell-Bloch system of equations relevant to nonlinear optics and especially to self-focusing phenomena. Maxwell-Bloch equations can be written as follows: \[ \partial_tB+ \nabla\times E=0,\tag{1} \] \[ \partial_tE- \nabla\times B=-\partial_tP,\tag{2} \] \[ \partial^2_tP+\partial_tP/T_2+ \Omega^2P= c_1NE,\tag{3} \] \[ \partial_tN+ (N-N_0)/T_1= -c_2\langle\partial_tP, E\rangle.\tag{4} \] Here \(E(t,x)\), \(B(t,x)\), \(P(t,x)\) are the electric field, magnetic field, and polarization of the medium, respectively. A scalar field \(N(t,x)\) stands for the difference between the number of electrons in the excited state and the ground state per unit value. It should be noted that the Maxwell-Bloch system (1)--(4) which is usually used for studying resonance phenomena, here is used to model wave propagation. The electromagnetic field is modelled classically, while the medium is treated quantum mechanically. In (1)--(4) the scalars \(c_1\) and \(c_2\) are assumed to be nonnegative, the scalars \(T_1\) and \(T_2\) are called the inversion population lifetime and the homogeneous dephasing time; \(\Omega\) is a resonance frequency which corresponds to the principal optical spectral line of the medium. Equations (1) and (2) imply that \[ \partial_t\text{div}(E+ P)=\partial_t\text{div}(B)= 0.\tag{5} \] The physically relevant solutions are those which are obeyed to \[ \text{div}(E+ P)= \text{div}(B)=0.\tag{6} \] Denote \(U(t,x):= (E(t,x),B(t,x), P(t,x),\partial_tP(t,x), N(t,x)- N_0)\). Equation (3) can be written as a system for the pair \((P,Q)\) with \(Q:=\partial_tP\), \(\partial_tP= Q\), \(\partial_tQ=- Q/T_2- \Omega^2P+ c_1NE\). The Maxwell-Bloch system then takes the form of a semilinear symmetric hyperbolic system for \(U\); \(\partial_tU= \sum_{1\leq j\leq 3}A_j\partial_jU+ F(U)\), where \(\partial_j:=\partial/\partial x_j\), the \(A_j\) are symmetric matrices, and \(F:\mathbb{R}^{13}\to\mathbb{R}^{13}\) is a polynomial of degree two which vanishes at the origin. For semilinear hyperbolic equations the following local existence theorem is known: If \(s>3/2\) and \(U(0,\cdot)\in H^s(\mathbb{R}^3)\), then there is a \(T_*\in]0,\infty]\) and a unique \(U\in C([0,T_*[:H^s(\mathbb{R}^3))\) which satisfies the Maxwell-Bloch system and attains these initial values. The main result of this paper is the proof of the following theorem: If \(s>2\) and the initial data \(U(0,\cdot)\in H^s(\mathbb{R}^3)\) satisfy (6), then \(T_*=\infty\). That is, there is a unique global solution belonging to \(C([0,\infty[:H^s(\mathbb{R}^3))\).

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(23)

This page was built for publication: Global solvability of the Maxwell-Bloch equations from nonlinear optics

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2365374)