On some invariants of fields of characteristic p > 0

Let \(K\) be a field with \(\text{char}\, K=p>0\), \(\Omega_K^n\) be the space of differential \(n\)-forms over \(K\). The usual Artin-Schreier operator \(\wp : K \rightarrow K\) can be extended to the general Artin-Schreier map \(\wp :\Omega_K^n \rightarrow \Omega_K^n/d\Omega_K^{n-1}\). Denote by \(H_p^{n+1}(K)\) the cokernel of this map. \(H_p^{n+1}(K)\) may be interpreted as the \(p\)-part of the Galois cohomology of \(K\) [see \textit{O. Izhboldin}'s paper ``\(p\)-primary part of the Milnor \(K\)-groups and Galois cohomology of fields of characteristic \(p\), in Invitation to higher local fields, Geom. Topol. Monogr. 3, 19--29 (2000; Zbl 1008.11052)]. If \(L/K\) is a finite extension, the purpose of this paper is to prove the formula \[ \nu_p(K) \leq \nu_p(L) \leq \nu(K) +1 \] where \(\nu_p(K)=\min \{n:H_p^{n+1}(K)=0 \}\), and similarly for \(\nu_p(L)\). Note that this formula was proved for the case \(p=2\) by \textit{R. Aravire} and \textit{R. Baeza} [Rocky Mt. J. Math. 19, No. 3, 589--604 (1989; Zbl 0706.11021)] using quadratic forms techniques. If \(L/K\) is a finite separable extension, the proof of this formula relies on the trace map \(\Omega_L^n \rightarrow \Omega_K^n\) [see \textit{S. Bloch} and \textit{K. Kato}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 63, 107--152 (1986; Zbl 0613.14017)]. In case \(L/K\) is a finite purely inseparable extension, a generalization of a result of \textit{K. Kato} [``Galois cohomology of complete discrete valuation fields, Lect. Notes Math. 967, 215--238 (1982; Zbl 0506.12022)] is used. Moreover, it is shown that, if \(L/K\) is purely inseparable, then \(\nu_p(K) = \nu_p(L)\).

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