Multiple solutions for strongly resonant periodic systems

DOI10.1016/J.NA.2006.08.015MaRDI QIDQ2371180zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Nikolaos S. Papageorgiou, Vasile Staicu

Publication date 29 June 2007

Published in Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods \& Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2006.08.015

zbMATH Keywords

C-conditionPS-conditionsecond deformation theoremweak corecivity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Compactness in topological linear spaces; angelic spaces, etc. (46A50)

Review text

This interesting paper is mainly concerned with two tasks: the first one is to conduct a detailed analysis of the Cerami compactness conditions and the other one is to apply a second deformation theorem to investigate the multiplicity of solutions for a periodic strongly resonant system. In the careful analysis of the Cerami compactness condition, there appears a comparison with the Palais-Smale compactness conditions, it is proved when these two conditions coincide and it is shown that in a Banach space a \(C^1\) functional which is bounded below and satisfies the Cerami compactness condition is weakly coercive. In the second part of the paper the system \[ -x(t) -A(t) x(t) =\nabla F(t,x(t))\text{ a.e. on }[ 0,b],\quad x(0) =x(b), \] \[ x'(0) =x'(b) \] is considered, where \(A(t)\) belongs to the group of symmetric \( N\times N\) matrices; \(F:\mathbb R\times \mathbb R^{N}\to R\) is measurable in \(t\) and \(C^{1}\) in \(x\). Under the assumption that the differential operator \(x\to -x-Ax\) has no negative eigenvalues, has a nontrivial kernel and satisfies a strong resonance condition with respect to the zero eigenvalue. Some further mild assumptions on \(F\) are also imposed which allow for example to show that the Euler action functional is coercive and satisfies the Palais-Smale condition at a certain level \(c\). Next a second deformation theorem is applied to obtain the existence multiplicity result.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(5)

• Branches of index-preserving solutions to systems of second order ODEs
• Infinitely many periodic solutions for asymptotically linear Hamiltonian systems
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 90283 (Why is no real title available?)
• Range of semilinear operators for systems at resonance
• Computations of critical groups and periodic solutions for asymptotically linear Hamiltonian systems

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