Logarithmic growth of systole of arithmetic Riemann surfaces along congruence subgroups
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Publication:2372250
Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.) (15B33) Quaternion and other division algebras: arithmetic, zeta functions (11R52) Fuchsian groups and automorphic functions (aspects of compact Riemann surfaces and uniformization) (30F35) Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22)
Abstract: We apply a study of orders in quaternion algebras, to the differential geometry of Riemann surfaces. The least length of a closed geodesic on a hyperbolic surface is called its systole, and denoted syspi_1. P. Buser and P. Sarnak constructed Riemann surfaces X whose systole behaves logarithmically in the genus g(X). The Fuchsian groups in their examples are principal congruence subgroups of a fixed arithmetic group with rational trace field. We generalize their construction to principal congruence subgroups of arbitrary arithmetic surfaces. The key tool is a new trace estimate valid for an arbitrary ideal in a quaternion algebra. We obtain a particularly sharp bound for a principal congruence tower of Hurwitz surfaces (PCH), namely the 4/3-bound syspi_1(X_{PCH}) > 4/3 log(g(X_{PCH})). Similar results are obtained for the systole of hyperbolic 3-manifolds, relative to their simplicial volume.
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