On the Hong-Krahn-Szego inequality for the p-Laplace operator
Inequalities applied to PDEs involving derivatives, differential and integral operators, or integrals (35A23) Quasilinear elliptic equations with (p)-Laplacian (35J92) Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) Nonlinear eigenvalue problems and nonlinear spectral theory for PDEs (35P30) Variational methods for eigenvalues of operators (49R05)
In the paper under review, the authors deal with the problem of minimizing the second eigenvalue \(\lambda_2(\Omega)\) of the homogeneous Dirichlet eigenvalue problem for the \(p\)-Laplacian operator \(-\Delta_p u=-\)div\((|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u)\), among all open sets with fixed finite Lebesgue measure. More precisely, they prove that the disjoint union of two balls of equal measure minimizes \(\lambda_2\) among open sets of given measure, generalizing the well-known Hong-Krahn-Szegő inequality for the second eigenvalue of the Dirichlet Laplacian. Moreover, the inequality is improved by means of a quantitative stability estimate. The extremal cases \(p=1\) and \(p=\infty\) are considered as well.
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