Weil cohomologies and derived dg categories

(p)-adic cohomology, crystalline cohomology (14F30) de Rham cohomology and algebraic geometry (14F40) Enriched categories (over closed or monoidal categories) (18D20)

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Let \(X\) be a smooth projective variety over a field \(k\) and let \(D^{\text{dg}}_{\text{perf}}(X)\) be the derived dg (=differential graded) category of perfect complexes of \(\mathcal{O}_X\)-modules whose associated homotopy category is \(D_{\text{perf}}(X)\), the usual triangulated category of perfect complexes on \(X\). Consider the symmetric monoidal category \(P(k)\) whose objects are varieties as above and where the morphisms between two varieties \(X\) and \(Y\) are the isomorphism classes in \(D_{\text{perf}}(X\times Y)\). Note that the symmetric monoidal category of varieties \(V(k)\) admits a contravariant symmetric monoidal functor into \(P(k)\) defined as identity on objects and by sending a map \(f\) to the class of the structure sheaf of the transpose of the graph of \(f\). For later use we also need to recall that a dg functor between dg categories \(\mathcal{A}\) and \(\mathcal{B}\) is a derived Morita equivalence if it induces an equivalence on the associated derived categories \(D(\mathcal{A})\) and \(D(\mathcal{B})\). In fact, these derived Morita equivalences are the weak equivalences of a Quillen model structure on the category of all dg categories, and hence we obtain an associated homotopy category. The set of dg functors up to derived Morita equivalence from \(D^{\text{dg}}_{\text{perf}}(X)\) to \(D^{\text{dg}}_{\text{perf}}(Y)\) is in bijection, via the Fourier--Mukai procedure, with \(\text{Iso}D_{\text{perf}}(X\times Y)\), the set of isomorphism classes in \(D_{\text{perf}}(X\times Y)\). The main result of the paper under review states, in particular, that there is a well-defined symmetric monoidal category \(P_{\geq 0}(k)\) with the same objects as \(P(k)\) and where morphisms are given by those \(\mathcal{F}\in \text{Iso}D_{\text{perf}}(X\times Y)\) such that condition \((\ast)\) holds, that is, \(\mu_i([\mathcal{F}])_\mathbb{Q}=0\) for all \(i<0\), where \(\mu\) is the well-known isomorphism between the Grothendieck group with rational coefficients \(K_0(X\times Y)_\mathbb{Q}\) and the direct sum of the \(\mathbb{Q}\)-vector spaces of correspondences \(\bigoplus_{i=-\dim(X)}^{\dim(X)} \text{Corr}^i(X,Y)_\mathbb{Q}\). Furthermore, there is a natural contravariant functor from \(V(k)\) to \(P_{\geq 0}(k)\) and for any Weil cohomology theory there is a symmetric monoidal functor from \(P_{\geq 0}(k)\) into the category of graded vector spaces making the appropriate diagram commutative. A corollary of the main result asserts that if \(X, Y\) are smooth projective varieties such that \(D^{\text{dg}}_{\text{perf}}(X)\) and \(D^{\text{dg}}_{\text{perf}}(Y)\) are derived Morita equivalent with the property that the object \(\mathcal{F}\in D_{\text{perf}}(X\times Y)\) realizing this equivalence satisfies \((\ast)\), then \(H^*(X)\cong H^*(Y)\) for every Weil cohomology theory \(H^*\). The proof relies on facts about classical Chow groups, \textit{B. Toën}'s work [Invent.\ Math.\ 167, No.\ 3, 615--667 (2007; Zbl 1118.18010)] on the homotopy category of dg categories, the author's work on non-commutative Chow motives, and some statements about orbit categories established in the appendix.

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Mixed Hodge structures and formality of symmetric monoidal functors

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