An estimate for the local smoothness of singular integrals
Continuity and related questions (modulus of continuity, semicontinuity, discontinuities, etc.) for real functions in one variable (26A15) Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Singular and oscillatory integrals (Calderón-Zygmund, etc.) (42B20) Maximal functions, Littlewood-Paley theory (42B25)
The author studies smoothness of the convolution integral \[ g_\psi(x)=\frac1{2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^\pi g(t)\,\psi(x-t)\,dt, \] where \(\psi\) is a given \(2\pi\)-periodic function having suitable growth properties (denoted \(\psi\in\mathcal D\)), \(g\) is a \(2\pi\)-periodic function which belongs to \(L(-\pi,\pi)\) (the integral on the right-hand side is considered, if \(\psi\) is not integrable, in the sense of its principal value). The estimates of smoothness of \(g_\psi\) are obtained in terms of the function \(\mathcal N_\eta g_\psi\) (recall that \(\mathcal N_\eta f(x)=\sup_{I\ni x} \frac1{| I| \,\eta(| I| )}\int_I| f(t)-f(x)| \,dt\), where \(\eta\) is a nondecreasing function on \([0,\pi]\) such that \(\eta(0)=0\) and \(\eta(t)t^{-1}\) is non-increasing, \(I\) is a segment of the length \(| I| \)). In fact, the estimates are of the type \[ \mathcal N_\sigma g_\psi(x)\leq c M(\mathcal N_\eta g)(x) \] (with \(\eta\) given and \(\sigma\) depending on \(\eta\) or on \(\eta\) and \(\psi\) ) or of the type \[ \mathcal N_\eta g_\psi(x)\leq c M(g)(x) \] (with \(\eta\) depending on \(\psi\)), where \(M\) denotes the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator. The author studies two cases, when the function \(\psi\) is either odd (\(\psi\in\mathcal D_1\)) or integrable \((\psi\in\mathcal D_2\)) on the interval \((-\pi,\pi)\). The results extend known estimates of the modulus of continuity of the conjugate functions, those of the Weyl integrals and of fractional integrals (cf. [\textit{A. A. Korenovskii}, Properties of functions defined in terms of average oscillations, Odessa University Press (1988)] and [\textit{S. G. Samko, A. A. Kilbas} and \textit{O. I. Marichev}, Integrals and derivatives of fractional order and some of their applications. Nauka, Minsk (1987; Zbl 0617.26004); English translation 1993; Zbl 0818.26003)].
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