On analytic iteration

If \(F(z) = z+\sum_{m+1}^\infty f_kz^k,f_{m+1} \neq 0\), \(m\geq 1\) is any formal power series, then for every complex \(s\) there is a unique power series \[ F(s,z) = z+sf_{m+1}(s)z^{m+1}+\sum_{m+2} f_k (s)z^k \] satisfying \(F(F(s,z)) = F(s,F(z))\). Moreover \(F(1,z) = F(z)\), \(F(s,F(t,z)) = F(s+t,z)\), and \(f_k(s)\) is a polynomial in \(s\). If \(F(z)\) and \(F_s(z)\) have a positive radius of convergence, \(F(s,z)\) is called an analytic \(s\)-iterate of \(F(z)\). The authors investigate the nature of the set \(S\) of \(s\)-values for which \(F(s,z)\) is an analytic \(s\)-iterate of \(F(z)\). It is clear that if \(S\) contains a real neighbourhood of \(s=0\), then it contains the whole real axis \(R\). The authors show that if \(R\) belongs to \(S\), then \(S\) is the whole complex plane. Further, if \(S\) is not the whole plane, then \(S\) has plane measure zero and \(S \cap R\) has linear measure zero. This work was extended by the reviewer (Zbl 0113.28302) and by the second author (Zbl 0113.28303).

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