Existence of periodic solutions for periodic eco-epidemic models with disease in the prey

Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Qualitative investigation and simulation of ordinary differential equation models (34C60) Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20) Nonautonomous smooth dynamical systems (37C60) (Semi-) Fredholm operators; index theories (47A53) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20) Epidemiology (92D30) Ecology (92D40)

Abstract: For an eco-epidemic model with disease in the prey and periodic coefficients it is conjectured in [Xingge Niu, Tailei Zhang, Zhidong Teng, The asymptotic behavior of a nonautonomous eco-epidemic model with disease in the prey, Applied Mathematical Modelling 35, 457-470 (2011)] that, when the infected prey is permanent, there is a positive periodic orbit that is globally asymptotically stable in the interior of

(R^{+})^{3}

. In this paper we prove the existence part of the conjecture.

Review text

The author considers the periodic version of the non-autonomous eco-epidemiological model \[ S' = \Lambda(t) - \beta(t)SI -\mu(t)S \] \[ I' = \beta(t)SI -c(t)I -\eta(t)YI \] \[ Y' = Y\left(r(t)-b(t)Y+k(t)\eta(t)\right) \] introduced in [\textit{X. Niu} et al., Appl. Math. Modelling 35, No. 1, 457--470 (2011; Zbl 1202.34098)] with the objective of proving a conjecture stated in the same work. The conjecture claims existence of a positive periodic solution which is globally attractive in the interior of the first octant under assumption that the parameter functions are continuous \(\omega\)-periodic on \(\mathbb{R}_0^{+}\) (with all but \(r\) being non-negative and all but \(r\), \(\eta\), and \(c\) having positive averages) and if \(\mathcal{R}_0> 1\), where \[ \mathcal{R}_0 =\frac{\overline{\beta s_0}}{\overline{c}+\overline{\eta y_0}} \] and \(s_0\) and \(y_0\) are the unique positive periodic solutions of \[ s' = \Lambda(t)-\mu(t)s, \] \[ y' = y\left(r(t)-b(t)y\right). \] The existence is proved under slightly stronger conditions by a clever use of Mawhin's continuation theorem [\textit{R. E. Gaines} and \textit{J. L. Mawhin}, Coincidence degree, and nonlinear differential equations. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag (1977; Zbl 0339.47031)]. The discussion of the stability of the disease-free orbit relies on the theory developed in [\textit{W. Wang} and \textit{X.-Q. Zhao}, J. Dyn. Differ. Equations 20, No. 3, 699--717 (2008; Zbl 1157.34041)].

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