Spatial and modal superconvergence of the discontinuous Galerkin method for linear equations

DOI10.1007/S10915-016-0349-8MaRDI QIDQ2399155zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors N. Chalmers, Lilia Krivodonova

Publication date 22 August 2017

Published in Journal of Scientific Computing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.02851

zbMATH Keywords

discontinuous Galerkin finite element methodFourier analysislinear advection equationPadé approximantssuperconvergence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

First-order hyperbolic equations (35L02) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M12) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M60)

Abstract: We apply the discontinuous Galerkin finite element method with a degree $p$ polynomial basis to the linear advection equation and derive a PDE which the numerical solution solves exactly. We use a Fourier approach to derive polynomial solutions to this PDE and show that the polynomials are closely related to the $fracpp+1$ Pad'e approximant of the exponential function. We show that for a uniform mesh of $N$ elements there exist $(p+1)N$ independent polynomial solutions, $N$ of which can be viewed as physical and $pN$ as non-physical. We show that the accumulation error of the physical mode is of order $2p+1$. In contrast, the non-physical modes are damped out exponentially quickly. We use these results to present a simple proof of the superconvergence of the DG method on uniform grids as well as show a connection between spatial superconvergence and the superaccuracies in dissipation and dispersion errors of the scheme. Finally, we show that for a class of initial projections on a uniform mesh, the superconvergent points of the numerical error tend exponentially quickly towards the downwind based Radau points.

Review text

The authors employ the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method with a \(p\)-degree polynomial basis to the linear advection equation in order to derive a partial differential equation (PDE) which the numerical solution solves exactly. Polynomial solutions to this PDE are obtained which are losely related to the \(\frac{p}{p+1}\) Padé approximant of the exponential function. For a uniform mesh of \(N\) elements it is obtained \( (p+1)N\) such independent polynomial solutions of which \(N\) can be viewed as physical and \(Np\) as non-physical. It is further obtained that the accumulation error of the physical mode is of order \(2p+1\). These results are then used to investigate the superconvergence of the DG method on uniform grids and to establish a connection between spatial superconvergence and the superaccuracies in dissipation and dispersion errors of the scheme. Finally, it is obtained that for a class of initial projections on a uniform mesh, the superconvergent points of the numerical error tend exponentially quickly towards the downwind based Radau points.

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Cited in

(6)

• Adaptive mesh refinement on graphics processing units for applications in gas dynamics
• A numerical study of superconvergence of the discontinuous Galerkin method by patch reconstruction
• A Moment Limiter for the Discontinuous Galerkin Method on Unstructured Triangular Meshes
• A new discontinuous Galerkin method, conserving the discrete \(H^{2}\)-norm, for third-order linear equations in one space dimension
• Optimal convergence and superconvergence of semi-Lagrangian discontinuous Galerkin methods for linear convection equations in one space dimension
• Asymptotic errors in the superconvergence of discontinuous Galerkin methods based on upwind-biased fluxes for 1D linear hyperbolic equations

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