The multiplicity of positive solutions to a quasilinear equation generated by the Il'in-Caffarelli-Cohn-Nirenberg inequality
The very interesting paper under review deals with multiplicity issues regarding positive solutions to a quasilinear elliptic equation, generated by the Il'in-Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality \[ \left( \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |x|^{(\alpha+\sigma-1)q}|v(x)|^q\;dx\right)^{1/q} \leq K \left( \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |x|^{\alpha p}|\nabla v(x)|^p\;dx\right)^{1/p}, \] where \(p\in (1,\infty),\) \(\alpha>1-n/p,\) \(\sigma\in\left(0,\min{1,n/p}\right)\) and \(q=np/(n-\sigma p).\) Precisely, weak solutions of the equation \[ -\text{div}\, \big(|x|^{\alpha p}|\nabla v|^{p-2}\nabla v\big)=|x|^{(\alpha+\sigma-1)q}|v|^{q-2}v\quad \text{in}\;\mathbb{R}^n \] are considered, taken in the weighted Sobolev space \[ \mathcal{D}^{1,p}_\alpha=\left\{ v\in L^{q}(\mathbb{R}^n; |x|^{(\alpha+\sigma-1)q}\;dx):\quad \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |x|^{\alpha p}|\nabla v(x)|^p\;dx<\infty\right\}. \] It is easily seen that such solutions are critical points of the functional \[ J(v)=\dfrac{\displaystyle \left( \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |x|^{\alpha p}|\nabla v|^p\;dx\right)^{1/p}}{\displaystyle \left( \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |x|^{(\alpha+\sigma-1)q}|v|^q\;dx\right)^{1/q}}, \] and the optimal constant in the Il'in-Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality is given by \[ \dfrac{1}{K(n,p,\sigma,\alpha)}=\inf_{0\neq v\in \mathcal{D}^{1,p}_\alpha} J(v)>0. \] The authors prove that if the space dimension \(n\) is even then, changing some parameters, one can obtain arbitrary many different positive solutions of the above equation.
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