A PT-symmetric dual-core system with the sine-Gordon nonlinearity and derivative coupling

DOI10.3390/SYM8060039MaRDI QIDQ2412366zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors B. A. Malomed, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, J. Cuevas

Publication date 23 October 2017

Published in Symmetry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.07321

zbMATH Keywords

cross-derivative couplingFrenkel-Kontorova modelkinks and anti-kinkssoliton complexesthree-body interactions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Soliton solutions (35C08) Second-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations (35L70)

Abstract: We propose a system of sine-Gordon equations, with the $mathcalPT$ symmetry represented by balanced gain and loss in them. The equations are coupled by sine-field terms and first-order derivatives. The sinusoidal coupling stems from local interaction between adjacent particles in the coupled Frenkel-Kontorova (FK) chains and related sine-lattices, while the cross-derivative coupling, which was not considered before, is induced by emph{three-particle} interactions, provided that the particles in the parallel FK chains move in different directions. Nonlinear wave structures are then studied in this model. In particular, kink-kink (KK) and kink-antikink (KA) complexes are explored by means of analytical and numerical methods. It is predicted analytically and confirmed numerically that the complexes are unstable for one sign of the sinusoidal coupling, and stable for another. Stability regions are delineated in the underlying parameter space. Unstable complexes split into free kinks/antikinks that may propagate or become stationary, depending on whether they are subject to gain or loss, respectively.

Review text

Summary: As an extension of the class of nonlinear \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric models, we propose a system of sine-Gordon equations, with the \(\mathcal{PT}\) symmetry represented by balanced gain and loss in them. The equations are coupled by sine-field terms and first-order derivatives. The sinusoidal coupling stems from local interaction between adjacent particles in coupled Frenkel--Kontorova (FK) chains, while the cross-derivative coupling, which was not considered before, is induced by \textit{three-particle} interactions, provided that the particles in the parallel FK chains move in different directions. Nonlinear modes are then studied in this system. In particular, kink-kink (KK) and kink-anti-kink (KA) complexes are explored by means of analytical and numerical methods. It is predicted analytically and confirmed numerically that the complexes are unstable for one sign of the sinusoidal coupling and stable for another. Stability regions are delineated in the underlying parameter space. Unstable complexes split into free kinks and anti-kinks that may propagate or become quiescent, depending on whether they are subject to gain or loss, respectively.

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Cited in

(5)

• Effect of coupling on stochastic resonance and stochastic antiresonance processes in a unidirectionally \(N\)-coupled systems in periodic sinusoidal potential
• Localized modes in \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric sine-Gordon couplers with phase shift
• Nonlinear Modes and Symmetries in Linearly Coupled Pairs of PT-Invariant Dimers
• $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric sine-Gordon breathers
• \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric and antisymmetric nonlinear states in a split potential box

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