Annihilators of Artinian modules compatible with a Frobenius map
Throughout the paper, \(R\) is a formal power series over a field of characteristic \(p\) with maximal ideal \(\mathfrak{m}\) and \(E:=E_R(R/\mathfrak{m})\) is the injective hull of the residue field. Any \(R\)-module \(M\) can be endowed with a Frobenius structure, \(F_*^{e}M\), with \(r\cdot m=r^{p^e}m\) for all \(r \in R\) and all \(m \in M\). An \(e\)th Frobenius map \(\phi\) on \(M\) is a element of \(\text{Hom}_R(M, F_*^{e}M)\). In fact, we can think of Frobenius maps as left module structures over the skew-commutative ring \(R[\phi;f^e]\) which as an \(R\)-module is \(\bigoplus\limits_{i=0}^{\infty} R\phi^i\) but multiplication is an extension of the rule \(\phi r=r^{p^e}\phi\). We say a submodule \(N\) of \(M\) is \(\phi\)-compatible if \(\phi(N) \subseteq F_*^{e}N\). Let \(U\) be an \(\alpha \times \alpha\) matrix with entries in \(R\) and \(\Theta=U^tT:E^{\alpha} \rightarrow E^{\alpha}\) a Frobenius map, we say an ideal of \(R\) is \(\Theta\)-special if it is the annihilator of and \(R[\Theta; f]\)-submodule of \(E^{\alpha}\). The authors present an algorithm for determining the \(\Theta\)-special primes of a \(\Theta\)-compatible submodule of \(E^\alpha\) which extends one given by \textit{M. Katzman} and \textit{K. Schwede} [J. Symb. Comput. 47, No. 8, 996--1008 (2012; Zbl 1250.13004)] when \(\alpha=1\). The authors reprove some of the results in the above mentioned paper in terms of \(R[\Theta;f]\)-submodules of \(E\). In particular, for the \(\alpha =1\) case, given a \(\Theta\)-special prime \(P\), Theorem 4.1 allows one to determine the \(\Theta\)-special primes \(Q \supsetneq P\) with no \(\Theta\)-special prime strictly between \(P\) and \(Q\). Such a \(\Theta\)-special prime \(Q\) is called a special prime minimally containing \(P\). However, Theorem 4.1 cannot be used in the \(\alpha>1\) case because \(\text{Hom}_{R/P} (F_*(R/P)^\alpha,(R/P)^{\alpha})\) is usually not cyclic when \(\alpha >1\). To remedy this problem, the authors use \(\star\)-closure developed in [\textit{M. Katzman}, Compos. Math. 144, No. 4, 933--948 (2008; Zbl 1152.13005)]. First they prove that set of all special primes \(P\) with the property that \((0:M)=P\) for some \(R[\Theta;f]\)-submodule \(M \subseteq E^{\alpha}\) and the restriction of \(\Theta\) to \(M\) is not the zero map is finite. Their next step is to prove that a special prime \(Q\) minimally containing a special prime \(P\) is among the minimal primes of \(R^{\alpha}/V\) where \(V=((P+aR)R^{\alpha})^{\star_U}\) for some \(a \in Q \setminus P\). They also prove a Lemma which allows them to use recursion in their algorithm. The crux of the algorithm which we will not state here is given by Theorem 5.5. The authors include two nice examples to exhibit how their algorithm works and conclude with a discussion of Frobenius near-splittings with a reinterpretation of their examples in terms of Frobenius near-splittings.
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