Strong Krull primes and flat modules

Abstract: There are several theorems describing the intricate relationship between flatness and associated primes over commutative Noetherian rings. However, associated primes are known to act badly over non-Noetherian rings, so one needs a suitable replacement. In this paper, we show that the behavior of strong Krull primes most closely resembles that of associated primes over a Noetherian ring. We prove an analogue of a theorem of Epstein and Yao characterizing flat modules in terms of associated primes by replacing them with strong Krull primes. Also, we partly generalize a classical equational theorem regarding flat base change and associated primes in Noetherian rings. That is, when associated primes are replaced by strong Krull primes, we show containment in general and equality in many special cases. One application is of interest over any Noetherian ring of prime characteristic. We also give numerous examples to show that our results fail if other popular generalizations of associated primes are used in place of strong Krull primes.

Review text

Let \(R\) be a commutative ring, \(M\) an \(R\)-module and \(p\) be a prime ideal of \(R\). Recall that \(p\) is said to be an associated prime of \(M\)(that is, \(p\in \mathrm{Ass}_R(M)\)) if there is some \(z\in M\) such that \(p=(0:_Rz)\) and \(p\) is called a strong Krull prime of \(M\) (that is, \(p\in \mathrm{sK}_R(M)\)) if for any finitely generated ideal \(I\) of \(R\) with \(I\subseteq p\), there is an element \(z\in M\) such that \(I\subseteq(0:_Rz)\subseteq p\) (\(\mathrm{Ass}_RM=\mathrm{sK}_RM\), whenever \(R\) is Noetherian). In the case \(R\) is Noetherian, \textit{E. Epstein} and \textit{Y. Yao} [Math. Z. 271, No. 3--4, 1193--1210 (2012; Zbl 1245.13009)], gave a criterion for flateness of \(R\)-modules in terms of associated primes and torsion-freeness of certain tensor products. In the paper under review, the authors establish an analogue of this criteria for non-Noetherian rings by replacing associated primes with strong Krull primes. A useful theorem states that if \(f:R\longrightarrow S\) is a homomorphism of Noetherian rings, \(G\) an \(R\)-flat \(S\)-module and \(E\) an \(R\)-module, then \(\mathrm{Ass}_S(E\otimes_RG)=\bigcup_{p\in \mathrm{Ass}_RE}\mathrm{Ass}_S(G/pG)\). The authors partly generalize this theorem by replacing associated primes with strong krull primes. They also give numerous examples to show that their results fail if other popular generalization of associated primes are used in place of strong Krull primes.

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