The Alexandrov-Toponogov comparison theorem for radial curvature

MaRDI QIDQ2444971zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Nobuhiro Innami, Katsuhiro Shiohama, Yuya Uneme

Publication date 11 April 2014

Published in Nihonkai Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.4500, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.nihmj/1393273815

zbMATH Keywords

radial curvature surface of revolution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Global Riemannian geometry, including pinching (53C20) Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22)

Abstract: We discuss the Alexandrov-Toponogov comparison theorem under the conditions of radial curvature of a pointed manifold (M,o) with reference surface of revolution. There are two obstructions to make the comparison theorem for a triangle one of whose vertices is a base point o. One is the cut points of another vertex of a comparison triangle in the reference surface of revolution. The other is the cut points of the base point o in M. We find a condition under which the omparison theorem is valid for any geodesic triangle with a vertex at o in M.

Review text

Let \(\left\langle \mathcal{M},g\right\rangle \) be a complete Riemannian manifold (\(\dim \left( \mathcal{M}\right) \geq 2\)) with sectional curvature satisfying \(K_{\sigma }\geq \kappa \geq 0\). Then, Toponogov's angle comparison theorem states that for every geodesic triangle \(\mathcal{T}=OBC\) there is its isometric copy \(\widetilde{\mathcal{T}}=\widetilde{O}\widetilde{ B}\widetilde{C}\) in the \(\kappa \)-plane such that \(\measuredangle OBC\geq \measuredangle \widetilde{O}\widetilde{B}\widetilde{C}\), \(\measuredangle BOC\geq \measuredangle \widetilde{B}\widetilde{O}\widetilde{C}\) and \( \measuredangle OCB\geq \measuredangle \widetilde{O}\widetilde{C}\widetilde{B} \). The authors present an analogue of Toponogov's angle comparison theorem (subject to an extra condition on the cut loci of the model surface) where instead of an isometric copy of \(\mathcal{T}\) in the \(\kappa \)-plane, an isometric copy on a surface of revolution is considered, and all radial sectional curvatures of \(\left\langle \mathcal{M},g\right\rangle \) are assumed to be bounded below by the corresponding curvatures of the model surface of revolution.

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