Linking and the Morse complex

DOI10.5802/AFST.1397zbMATH Open1301.53095arXiv1207.0889OpenAlexW2080655326MaRDI QIDQ2449686FDOQ2449686

Authors: Michael Usher 

Publication date: 9 May 2014

Published in: Annales de la Faculté des Sciences de Toulouse. Mathématiques. Série VI (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For a Morse function f on a compact oriented manifold M, we show that f has more critical points than the number required by the Morse inequalities if and only if there exists a certain class of link in M whose components have nontrivial linking number, such that the minimal value of f on one of the components is larger than its maximal value on the other. Indeed we characterize the precise number of critical points of f in terms of the Betti numbers of M and the behavior of f with respect to links. This can be viewed as a refinement, in the case of compact manifolds, of the Rabinowitz Saddle Point Theorem. Our approach, inspired in part by techniques of chain-level symplectic Floer theory, involves associating to collections of chains in M algebraic operations on the Morse complex of f, which yields relationships between the linking numbers of homologically trivial (pseudo)cycles in M and an algebraic linking pairing on the Morse complex.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0889

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zbMATH Keywords

Betti numbersMorse functionlinking numberFloer theoryMorse complex

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symplectic aspects of Floer homology and cohomology (53D40) Floer homology (57R58) Abstract critical point theory (Morse theory, Lyusternik-Shnirel'man theory, etc.) in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E05)

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Cited In (3)

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• Critical point theory in knot complements
• Rabinowitz Floer homology for prequantization bundles and Floer Gysin sequence

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