On the Wolff circular maximal function

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Publication:2452322



Abstract: We prove sharp L3 bounds for a variable coefficient generalization of the Wolff circular maximal function Mdeltaf. For each fixed radius r, Mdeltaf(r) is the maximal average of f over the delta--neighborhood of a circle of radius r and arbitrary center. In this paper, we consider maximal averages over families of curves satisfying the cinematic curvature condition, which was first introduced by Sogge to generalize the Bourgain circular maximal function. Our proof manages to avoid a key technical lemma in Wolff's original argument, and thus our proof also yields a shorter proof of the boundedness of the (conventional) Wolff circular maximal function. At the heart of the proof is an induction argument that employs an efficient partitioning of mathbbR3 into cells using the discrete polynomial ham sandwich theorem.


The main result is the sharp \(L^3\) bound \(\|M_\Phi^\delta f\|_{L^3([\frac12,1])}\leq C_\varepsilon \delta^{-\varepsilon}\|f\|_{L^3(\mathbb{R}^2)}\), where \(M_\Phi^\delta\) is a ``variable coefficient generalization of the Wolff circular maximal function, introduced by \textit{L. Kolasa} and \textit{T. Wolff} [Pac. J. Math. 190, No. 1, 111--154 (1999; Zbl 1019.42013)]. This in particular recovers the original theorem from [\textit{T. Wolff}, Am. J. Math. 119, No. 5, 985--1026 (1997; Zbl 0892.52003)] for the circular case \(\Phi(x,y)=|x-y|\) in a way that ``avoids some technical lemmas from Wolff's proof. Now the function \(\Phi\) is only required to be smooth and to satisfy Sogge's ``cinematic curvature condition, but it is immediately replaced by a polynomial approximation \(\Psi\) of controlled degree \(k\), so that the actual analysis, involving incidences of (\(\delta\)-neighbourhoods of arcs of) \(\Psi\)-circles \(\Gamma(x,r)=\{y:\Psi(x,y)=r\}\), can be carried out with tools of real algebraic geometry. After several ``standard reductions, the heart of the matter is an incidence counting problem for certain bipartite collections \((\mathcal{W},\mathcal{B})\) of \(\Psi\)-circles, and the required bound is established by induction on the quantity \((\#\mathcal{W})(\#\mathcal{B})\). This induction exploits the ``polynomial ham sandwich theorem, which is inventive in that ``to the best of the author's knowledge, the work of \textit{L. Guth} [Acta Math. 205, No. 2, 263--286 (2010; Zbl 1210.52004)] and \textit{J. Bourgain} and \textit{L. Guth} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 21, No. 6, 1239--1295 (2011; Zbl 1237.42010)] are the only other examples where [it is used] to solve a non-discrete problem in harmonic analysis.











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