The distance between two separating, reducing slopes is at most 4

DOI10.1007/S00209-007-0147-YMaRDI QIDQ2458869zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ruifeng Qiu, Ming Xing Zhang, Yannan Li

Publication date 5 November 2007

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0609830

zbMATH Keywords

extended S-cyclereducing slopeS-cycle

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General geometric structures on low-dimensional manifolds (57M50)

Abstract: Let $M$ be a simple 3-manifold such that one component of $partialM$, say $F$, has genus at least two. For a slope $alpha$ on $F$, we denote by $M(alpha)$ the manifold obtained by attaching a 2-handle to $M$ along a regular neighborhood of $alpha$ on $F$. If $M(alpha)$ is reducible, then $alpha$ is called a reducing slope. In this paper, we shall prove that the distance between two separating, reducing slopes on $F$ is at most 4.

Review text

This paper deals with handle additions to three manifolds on boundary components \(F\) of genus at least 2. Generalizing the genus one case, a slope denotes the isotopy class of an unoriented simple closed curve in the boundary surface \(F\). A slope determines the gluing sphere of an index two handle, thus \(M(\alpha)\) denotes the resulting handle of index two and any other possible handle of index three. The slope \(\alpha\) is called separating if it divides \(F\) in two connected components, and reducing if \(M(\alpha)\) is reducible. When the boundary component has genus one, this operation is known as Dehn filling, and it has been very well studied in the literature. A 3-manifold is called simple if it does not contain any proper essential surface of nonnegative Euler characteristic: disk, annulus, torus, sphere, Möbius strip, projective plane or Klein bottle. Equivalently, a manifold is simple if it is hyperbolic with totally geodesic boundary (except for the genus one components). The main theorem of this note asserts that, for an orientable simple three manifold having a boundary component \(F\) of genus at least 2, the geometric intersection number of two separating reducing slopes in \(F\) is at most \(4\). The proof relies on Scharlemann cycles.

Recommendations

• Reducible and \partial -reducible handle additions
• Reducing and annular Dehn fillings
• \(\partial\)-reducible handle additions
• Boundary reducible handle additions on simple 3-manifolds
• Reducible handle additions

Cites work

• Handle additions producing essential surfaces
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 465159 (Why is no real title available?)
• Knots are Determined by Their Complements
• Reducible manifolds and Dehn surgery
• The reducibility of surgered 3-manifolds

Cited in

(7)

• Boundary reducible handle additions on simple 3-manifolds
• \(\partial\)-reducible handle additions
• 2-handle additions producing toroidal and reducible manifolds
• Reducible and \partial -reducible handle additions
• Reducible handle additions
• Comparing 2-handle additions to a genus 2 boundary component
• Toroidal handle additions and thrice punctured essential torus

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