F_q[M_n], F_q[GL_n] and F_q[SL_n] as quantized hyperalgebras

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2007.03.040MaRDI QIDQ2459998zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Fabio Gavarini, Z. Rakić

Publication date 9 November 2007

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0606106

zbMATH Keywords

Hopf algebrasquantum groups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37) Quantum groups (quantized function algebras) and their representations (20G42)

Abstract: The quantized universal enveloping algebra U_q(gl(n)) has two integral forms - over Z[q,q^{-1}] - the restricted (by Lusztig) and the unrestricted (by De Concini and Procesi) one. Dually, the quantum function algebra F_q[GL(n)] has two integral forms, namely those of all elements - of F_q[GL(n)] - which take values in Z[q,q^{-1}] when paired respectively with the restricted or the unrestricted form of U_q(gl(n)). The first one is the well-known form generated over Z[q,q^{-1}] by the entries of a q-matrix and the inverse of its quantum determinant. In this paper instead we study the second integral form, say F'_q[GL(n)], i.e. that of all elements which are Z[q,q^{-1}]-valued over the unrestricted form of U_q(gl(n)). In particular we yield a presentation of it by generators and relations, and a PBW-like theorem: in short, it is an algebra of "quantum divided powers" and "quantum binomial coefficients". Moreover, we give a direct proof that F'_q[GL(n)] is a Hopf subalgebra of F_q[GL(n)], and that its specialization at q=1 is the Z-hyperalgebra over gl(n)^*, the Lie bialgebra dual to gl(n). In addition, we describe explicitly the specializations of F'_q[GL(n)] at roots of 1, and the associated quantum Frobenius (epi)morphism. The same analysis is done for F'_q[SL(n)] and (as a key step) F'_q[Mat(n)]: in fact, for the latter the strongest results are obtained. This work extends to general n>2 the results for n=2, already treated in math.QA/0411440.

Review text

Let \(G\) be either \(M_n\) (\(n\) by \(n\) matrices), \(\text{GL}_n\) or \(\text{SL}_n\) over the rationals \(\mathbb Q\), \(L\) the tangent Lie algebra, \(F_q(G)\) the quantized function algebra and \(U_q(L)\) the quantized universal enveloping algebra. Let \(U'_q(L)\) be the Lusztig integral form of \(U_q(L)\) over \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\). \(F_q(G)\) has a \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\)-form \(F'_q(G)\) consisting of the elements of \(F_q(G)\) which take values in \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\) when paired with all elements of \(U'_q(L)\). When \(q\) is a root of unity, there is a bialgebra monomorphism from \(F_Z(G)\) to \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\), the quantum Frobenius morphism for \(G\). In this so-called unrestricted setting, \(G\) is a Poisson group and \(L\) is a Lie bialgebra, so one can consider the dual Poisson group \(G^*\) and the dual Lie bialgebra \(L^*\). This paper studies an analogous situation, using another \(Z[q,q^{-1})]\)-form \(U_q^{\prime\prime}(L)\) introduced by \textit{C. De Concini} and \textit{C. Procesi} [Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Math. 1565, 31--140 (1993; Zbl 0795.17005)]. The first author introduced \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\), the elements of \(F_q(G)\) taking values in \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\) when paired with all elements of \(U_q^{\prime\prime}(L)\) [Pac. J. Math. 186, No. 2, 217--266 (1998; Zbl 0921.17004)]. \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) is a Hopf subalgebra of \(F_q(G)\) (subbialgebra for \(G=M_n\)). \(U_q^{\prime\prime}(L)\) and \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) are said to be unrestricted. When \(q\) is a root of unity, there is a bialgebra epimorphism from \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) to the tensor product over \(Z\) of \(Z_q\) and the Kostant integral form \(U_Z(L^*)\), called the quantum Frobenius morphism for \(L^*\). The paper under review gives an explicit description of \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) by generators and relations, a PBW-like theorem, the specializations of \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) at roots of unity, and the quantum Frobenius morphism, for \(G=\text{SL}_n\). There are similar results for \(\text{GL}_n\) and \(M_n\). In particular, \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(M_n)\) is generated by quantum divided powers and quantum binomial coefficients, and the quantum Frobenius morphism is an ``\(l\)-th root operation, \(l\) the order of \(q\). Similar (but slightly weaker) results hold in \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(\text{GL}_n)\) and \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(\text{SL}_n)\). The case \(n=2\) had been previously considered by the authors [Commun. Algebra 37, No. 1, 95--119 (2009; Zbl 1287.17030) (submitted in 2004)]. Reviewer's note: This interesting paper is marred by an inappropriate Dedicatory, which refers to ``\dots the military agression of NATO countries to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which started in the spring of 1999. While the authors are entitled to their opinions, this type of political statement, which many will find offensive, should not appear in a mathematics journal. The reviewer criticizes both the authors and the journal for allowing such a statement to appear.

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Cites work

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• Representations of quantum algebras

Cited in

(4)

• Simultaneous eigenvectors for general Abelian hypergroups and restrictions imposed by C*QFT on the modular-conformal fusion algebra
• F_q[M₂],F_q[GL₂], andF_q[SL₂] as Quantized Hyperalgebras
• Quantum duality principle for quantum continuous Kac-Moody algebras
• PBW THEOREMS AND FROBENIUS STRUCTURES FOR QUANTUM MATRICES

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