\(F_{q}[M_{n}], F_{q}[\mathrm{GL}_{n}]\) and \(F_{q}[\mathrm{SL}_{n}]\) as quantized hyperalgebras (Q2459998)

Let \(G\) be either \(M_n\) (\(n\) by \(n\) matrices), \(\text{GL}_n\) or \(\text{SL}_n\) over the rationals \(\mathbb Q\), \(L\) the tangent Lie algebra, \(F_q(G)\) the quantized function algebra and \(U_q(L)\) the quantized universal enveloping algebra. Let \(U'_q(L)\) be the Lusztig integral form of \(U_q(L)\) over \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\). \(F_q(G)\) has a \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\)-form \(F'_q(G)\) consisting of the elements of \(F_q(G)\) which take values in \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\) when paired with all elements of \(U'_q(L)\). When \(q\) is a root of unity, there is a bialgebra monomorphism from \(F_Z(G)\) to \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\), the quantum Frobenius morphism for \(G\). In this so-called unrestricted setting, \(G\) is a Poisson group and \(L\) is a Lie bialgebra, so one can consider the dual Poisson group \(G^*\) and the dual Lie bialgebra \(L^*\). This paper studies an analogous situation, using another \(Z[q,q^{-1})]\)-form \(U_q^{\prime\prime}(L)\) introduced by \textit{C. De Concini} and \textit{C. Procesi} [Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Math. 1565, 31--140 (1993; Zbl 0795.17005)]. The first author introduced \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\), the elements of \(F_q(G)\) taking values in \(Z[q,q^{-1}]\) when paired with all elements of \(U_q^{\prime\prime}(L)\) [Pac. J. Math. 186, No. 2, 217--266 (1998; Zbl 0921.17004)]. \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) is a Hopf subalgebra of \(F_q(G)\) (subbialgebra for \(G=M_n\)). \(U_q^{\prime\prime}(L)\) and \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) are said to be unrestricted. When \(q\) is a root of unity, there is a bialgebra epimorphism from \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) to the tensor product over \(Z\) of \(Z_q\) and the Kostant integral form \(U_Z(L^*)\), called the quantum Frobenius morphism for \(L^*\). The paper under review gives an explicit description of \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) by generators and relations, a PBW-like theorem, the specializations of \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(G)\) at roots of unity, and the quantum Frobenius morphism, for \(G=\text{SL}_n\). There are similar results for \(\text{GL}_n\) and \(M_n\). In particular, \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(M_n)\) is generated by quantum divided powers and quantum binomial coefficients, and the quantum Frobenius morphism is an ``\(l\)-th root operation'', \(l\) the order of \(q\). Similar (but slightly weaker) results hold in \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(\text{GL}_n)\) and \(F_q^{\prime\prime}(\text{SL}_n)\). The case \(n=2\) had been previously considered by the authors [Commun. Algebra 37, No. 1, 95--119 (2009; Zbl 1287.17030) (submitted in 2004)]. Reviewer's note: This interesting paper is marred by an inappropriate Dedicatory, which refers to ``\dots the military agression of NATO countries to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which started in the spring of 1999.'' While the authors are entitled to their opinions, this type of political statement, which many will find offensive, should not appear in a mathematics journal. The reviewer criticizes both the authors and the journal for allowing such a statement to appear.