A second-order linear system with a special monodromy group on CP^m
Singularities, monodromy and local behavior of solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain, normal forms (34M35) Ordinary differential equations on complex manifolds (34M45) Inverse problems (Riemann-Hilbert, inverse differential Galois, etc.) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M50)
Let \(\mathbb C\) be the complex plane, \(A\) be an algebraic variety in \(\mathbb CP^m\) formed by the zeros of the irreducible homogeneous polynomials \(P_1, \dots , P_4\) from \(\mathbb C[x_1, \dots , x_{m + 1}]\) and \({\text{M}}=\mathbb CP^m \backslash A\). In the paper, a family of Pfaffian systems of equations \((1) dY = \omega Y\) with the fixed set \(A\) of Fuchsian singularities is discussed. It is supposed that \(\omega = U_1 \frac{dP_1}{P_1} + \dots + U_4 \frac{dP_4}{P_4}\), where the tuple \(U_1, \dots, U_4\) from \(\text{M}(2,\mathbb C)\) is such that: (i) system (1) has no Fuchsian singularity at infinity; (ii) system (1) is completely integrable. Let \(x_0 \in {\text{M}}\) and \(\chi : \pi_1 (x_0, {\text{M}}) \longrightarrow \text{GL}(2, \mathbb C)\) be a given homomorphism of the fundamental group \(\pi_1 (x_0, {\text{M}})\) into the general linear group. The author proves that if the Lie algebra of \(\chi\) is nilponent of degree 4 and the polynomials \(P_1, \dots , P_4\) have the same degree and generate a vector space over \(\mathbb C\) of a dimension 2, then \(\pi_1\) can be realized as a monodromy representation for system (1) (multidimensional Riemann-Hilbert problem).
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