Eigenvalue, maximum principle and regularity for fully non linear homogeneous operators

DOI10.3934/CPAA.2007.6.335MaRDI QIDQ2467093zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors I. Birindelli, F. Demengel

Publication date 18 January 2008

Published in Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0609612

zbMATH Keywords

eigenvalue fully nonlinear equation viscosity solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Oscillation, zeros of solutions, mean value theorems, etc. in context of PDEs (35B05) Maximum principles in context of PDEs (35B50) Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Nonlinear elliptic equations (35J60) Nonlinear eigenvalue problems and nonlinear spectral theory for PDEs (35P30)

Abstract: The main scope of this article is to define the concept of principal eigenvalue for fully non linear second order operators in bounded domains that are elliptic and homogenous. In particular we prove maximum and comparison principle, Holder and Lipschitz regularity. This leads to the existence of a first eigenvalue and eigenfunction and to the existence of solutions of Dirichlet problems within this class of operators.

Review text

The authors extend results of their previous paper [Adv. Differ. Equ. 11, No. 1, 91--119 (2006; Zbl 1132.35427)]. Precisely, define \[ G(x,u,\nabla u, D^2u)=F(x,\nabla u, D^2u)+b(x)\cdot \nabla u| \nabla u| ^\alpha+c(x)| u| ^\alpha u, \] where \(F\) is continuous on \(\Omega\times \mathbb{R}^N\times S\), \(S\) being the space of \(N\times N\) symmetric matrices. Moreover, \(F\) satisfies, for all real number \(t\) and all non negative \(\mu\) \[ F(x,t p,\mu X)=| t| ^\alpha\mu F(x,p,X), \] and for all \(p\in \mathbb{R}^N\setminus \{0\}\), \(M\in S\), \(N\in S\) with \(N\geq 0\), \(\alpha>-1\), \(0<a\leq A\) \[ a| p| ^\alpha \mathrm{tr}(N)\leq F(x,p,M+N)-F(x,p,M)\leq A| p| ^\alpha \mathrm{tr}(N). \] Moreover, suitable conditions about the uniform continuity of \(F(x,p,X)\) are assumed. The functions \(b:\Omega\to \mathbb{R}^N\) and \(c:\Omega\to \mathbb{R}\), are supposed to be continuous and bounded. Additional conditions are assumed to prove specific theorems. The main object of the work is the following definition of eigenvalue \[ \overline\lambda=\sup\{\lambda\in \mathbb{R}:\exists \phi>0 \text{ in } \Omega,\;G(x,\phi,\nabla \phi,D^2\phi)+\lambda \phi^{1+\alpha}\leq 0\}, \] where the inequality is understood in the viscosity sense. The following results are proved. (i) If \(f\leq 0\) is bounded and continuous in \(\Omega\), and if \(\lambda<\overline\lambda\) then there exists a nonnegative solution of the problem \[ G(x,u,\nabla u, D^2u)+\lambda u^{1+\alpha}=f \text{ in }\;\Omega,\;u=0 \text{ on } \;\partial\Omega. \] (ii) There exists \(\phi>0\) in \(\Omega\) such that \(\phi\) is a viscosity solution of \[ G(x,\phi,\nabla \phi, D^2\phi)+\lambda \phi^{1+\alpha}=f \text{ in }\;\Omega,\;\phi=0\;\text{ on }\;\partial\Omega. \] (iii) \(\phi\) is \(\gamma\)-Hölder continuous for all \(\gamma\in (0,1)\) and locally Lipschitz continuous. To get the previous results, the authors prove a comparison principle and some boundary estimates which may have a own interest. Also, they prove regularity results which give the required relative compactness used to prove the main existence theorem.

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