Singular perturbation problems arising from the anisotropy of crystalline grain boundaries
crystalline interphase boundariesgeometric theoryheteroclinicssingular perturbationstravelling wave solutions
Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Boundary value problems on infinite intervals for ordinary differential equations (34B40) Homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C37) Singular perturbations for ordinary differential equations (34E15)
The paper considers singular perturbation heteroclinic problems which are motivated by a continuum model for studying interfaces in the context of crystals. This model is governed by an evolution PDE \[ \tau\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\bar X= L\bar X-\nabla F(\bar X), \] where \(\bar X\in \mathbb{R}^3\) represents the component variables defined in a volume \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^3\), \(\tau\in \mathbb{R}\), \(L\) is a diagonal matrix of second order elliptic operators in the space variables \(\bar x\in \mathbb{R}^3\) and \(F\) is a function which is positive except at its several global minima. Grain boundaries correspond to plane waves in a direction \(\bar n\), i.e. solutions \(\bar X= \bar x(s)\), with \(s=\bar n\cdot \bar x-Vt\). The authors assume symmetries so that the problem reduces to one of the singular perturbation heteroclinic problems \[ \left\{ \begin{matrix} \varepsilon^2x=g_x(x,r), &\quad x(-\infty)=0, &\,\,r(-\infty)=0, \\ r=g_r(x,r), &\quad x(+\infty)=x_1, &\,\,r(+\infty)=r_1, \end{matrix} \right.\tag{1} \] or \[ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x=g_x(x,r), &\quad x(-\infty)=0, &\,\,r(-\infty)=0, \\ \varepsilon^2r=g_r(x,r), &\quad x(+\infty)=x_1, &\,\,r(+\infty)=r_1, \end{matrix} \right.\tag{2} \] where \(\varepsilon>0\) is a small parameter describing the anisotropy of the system and \(g\) is a given function. Under appropriate assumptions on \(g(x,r)\), the authors prove the existence of a solution \((x_{\varepsilon},r_{\varepsilon})\) of (1) for \(\varepsilon>0\) small enough. They study its limit as \(\varepsilon\) goes to zero. They also prove that \(0\) is a simple eigenvalue of the linear operator corresponding to the linearization of (1). The proof is based on the contraction mapping theorem and uses geometric singular perturbation theory. A similar result for problem (2) is given without proof.
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