Some remarks on dimensional dual hyperovals of polar type
Only two examples of dual hyperovals of polar type were known before this paper. The author's aim is to determine the dual hyperovals of polar type in some known families of dual hyperovals, providing new examples in this way. First he shows that the existence of a \(d\)-dimensional dual arc of plus orthogonal type in \(\text{PG}(2d+1,q)\) implies that \(d\) is even. Next he investigates the existence and nonexistence in low-dimensional dual hyperovals of polar type. He shows that 3-dimensional dual hyperoval of polar type does not exist in \(\text{PG}(7,q)\). The first main result of the paper is that Yoshiara's \(d\)-dimensional dual hyperoval \(\mathcal{S}^{d+1}_{m,h}\) (\(m+h\neq d+1\), \(1\leq m\), \(h\leq d\), \((m,d+1)=(h,d+1)=1\)) is of polar type with respect to a symplectic form \(f\), if and only if, \(d\) is even, \(m\equiv -2h\pmod{d+1}\), and each member of \(\mathcal{S}^{d+1}_{-2h,h}\) is totally isotropic with respect to the symplectic form \(f\) given by \[ f((x,y),(u,v))= \text{Tr}(xv^{2^h}+uy^{2^h}). \] It is also shown that if \(d\geq 2\) is even, and \(h\) is an integer, coprime with \(d+1\) and satisfying \(1\leq h\leq d\), then there exists an orthogonal form of plus type on the ambient space of \(\text{PG}(2d+1,2)\) with respect to which \(\mathcal{S}^{d+1}_{-2h,h}\) is of polar type. The second main result is that Taniguchi's \(d\)-dimensional dual hyperoval \(\mathcal{T}(d+1,q; \text{GF}(q^{d+1}),\sigma)\) (\(q=2^e\)) is never of polar type.
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