Adjoints of composition operators with rational symbol

Abstract: Building on techniques developed by Cowen and Gallardo-Guti'{e}rrez, we find a concrete formula for the adjoint of a composition operator with rational symbol acting on the Hardy space

H^{2}

. We consider some specific examples, comparing our formula with several results that were previously known.

Review text

The main objective of the paper is to give an explicit formula that represents the adjoint \(C_\varphi^*\) of a composition operator \(C_\varphi\) on the Hardy space \(H^2\) whenever \(\varphi\) is a non-constant rational map that takes \(\mathbb D\) into itself. This also corrects a similar formula of \textit{C.\,C.\thinspace Cowen} and \textit{E.\,A.\thinspace Gallardo--Gutierrez} [J.~Funct.\ Anal.\ 238, 447--462 (2006; Zbl 1106.47023)]. The main result of the paper under review is the following: \[ C_\varphi^*f(z)=\sum \psi(z)f(\sigma(z))+ \frac{f(0)}{1-\overline{\varphi(\infty)}z}, \] where \(\sigma\) is the multiple-valued function \(1/\,\overline{\varphi^{-1}(1/\overline z)}\), \(\displaystyle\Psi(z)=\frac{z\sigma'(z)}{\sigma(z)}\) and \(\varphi(\infty)=\lim_{| z| \to \infty}\varphi(z)\). Here the summation is taken over all branches of \(\sigma\). The authors also give several examples showing that the Cowen/Gallardo--Gutierrez formula is not true in many cases.

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