Maximal quadratic modules on *-rings.

DOI10.1007/S10468-007-9076-ZMaRDI QIDQ2479822zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jakob Cimprič

Publication date 3 April 2008

Published in Algebras and Representation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0807.5011

zbMATH Keywords

maximal quadratic modulesOre localizationsrings with involution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fields related with sums of squares (formally real fields, Pythagorean fields, etc.) (12D15) Ore rings, multiplicative sets, Ore localization (16U20) Rings with involution; Lie, Jordan and other nonassociative structures (16W10)

Abstract: We generalize the notion of and results on maximal proper quadratic modules from commutative unital rings to $ast$-rings and discuss the relation of this generalization to recent developments in noncommutative real algebraic geometry. The simplest example of a maximal proper quadratic module is the cone of all positive semidefinite complex matrices of a fixed dimension. We show that the support of a maximal proper quadratic module is the symmetric part of a prime $ast$-ideal, that every maximal proper quadratic module in a Noetherian $ast$-ring comes from a maximal proper quadratic module in a simple artinian ring with involution and that maximal proper quadratic modules satisfy an intersection theorem. As an application we obtain the following extension of Schm" udgen's Strict Positivstellensatz for the Weyl algebra: Let $c$ be an element of the Weyl algebra $mathcalW(d)$ which is not negative semidefinite in the Schr" odinger representation. It is shown that under some conditions there exists an integer $k$ and elements $r_1,\mathrm{...},r_{k}inmathcalW(d)$ such that $su{m}_{j=1}^k{r}_{j}c{r}_j^{a}st$ is a finite sum of hermitian squares. This result is not a proper generalization however because we don't have the bound $kled$.

Review text

Let \(R\) be an associative ring with an involution, \(S\) the set of symmetric elements. A subset \(M\) in \(S\) containing the unit element is a quadratic module if \(M+M\subseteq M\), \(rMr^*\subseteq M\) for all \(r\in R\). The ring \(R\) is semireal if \(-1\) cannot be represented as \(\sum r_ir_i^*\). If \(-1\) does belong to a quadratic module \(M\) then \(M^0=M\cap(-M)\) is the support of \(M\). Put \(J_M=\{a\in R\mid auu^*a^*\in M\) \(\forall u\in R\}\). It is shown that for a maximal proper quadratic module \(M\) the ideal \(J_M\) is prime and \(*\)-invariant. Moreover \(J_M=S\cap M^0\). The behavior of quadratic modules under Ore localization is examined. For a semireal \(R\), a symmetric element \(x\) and a quadratic \(M_0\) such that \(-1\notin M_0\) there is found a criterion under which \(x\in S\setminus (-M)\) for every maximal proper quadratic module \(M\) containing \(M_0\).

Recommendations

• A Representation Theorem for Archimedean Quadratic Modules on ∗-Rings
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Cites work

• ^*-Orderings on a ring with involution
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• Noncommutative Noetherian rings. With the cooperation of L. W. Small.
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Cited in

(12)

• On certain maximal cyclic modules for the quantized special linear algebra at a root of unity.
• Symmetry reduction of states. II: A non-commutative positivstellensatz for \(\mathbb{C} \mathbb{P}^n\)
• On q-normal operators and the quantum complex plane
• Algebras of fractions and strict Positivstellensätze for *-algebras
• [[:Publication:3402159|Quadratic modules in \(RX\)]]
• A Representation Theorem for Archimedean Quadratic Modules on ∗-Rings
• Note on quadratic modules in formal power series ring
• On formally real modules
• Positivstellensätze for algebras of matrices
• Noncommutative Positivstellensätze for pairs representation-vector
• Archimedean operator-theoretic Positivstellensätze
• The non-Archimedean nirgendsnegativsemidefinitheitsstellensatz is not true

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